Development of Four-Axis 3D Printer with Fused Deposition Modeling Technology

Kyosuke Kawagishi; Shoma Umetani; Ken Tanaka; Eiji Ametani; Yoshitaka Morimoto; Keigo Takasugi

doi:10.20965/ijat.2017.p0278

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IJAT Vol.11 No.2 pp. 278-286

doi: 10.20965/ijat.2017.p0278

(2017)

Paper:

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Development of Four-Axis 3D Printer with Fused Deposition Modeling Technology

Kyosuke Kawagishi^1,†, Shoma Umetani^2, Ken Tanaka^3, Eiji Ametani^4, Yoshitaka Morimoto^3, and Keigo Takasugi^5

^*1Kanazawa Institute of Technology
7-1 Ohgigaoka, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 924-8501, Japan

^†Corresponding author

^*2Tohshin Seiki Co., Ltd.
HA18, Terai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1121, Japan

^*3Kanazawa Institute of Technology
7-1 Ohgigaoka, Nonoichi, Ishikawa 924-8501, Japan

^*4UHT Corporation
446-268 Shimokagamida, Haruki, Togo, Aichi-gun, Aichi 470-0162, Japan

^*5Kanazawa University
Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan

Received:

August 19, 2016

Accepted:

November 2, 2016

Published:

March 1, 2017

Keywords:

additive manufacturing, 3D printer, CAM, position control, nozzle path

Abstract

A new four-axis 3D printer using fused-deposition modeling (FDM) technology has been developed. The hardware components, consisting of a mechanical structure and servo-control system, and an original computer-aided machining (CAM) system were developed. Three-dimensional printers, particularly those using FDM technology, have gained popularity even in hobby use for the easy modeling of special and original parts. Three-axis control systems using stepping motors or servomotors are generally used for the development of conventional 3D printers. The nozzle portion is therefore constrained in one direction. This leads to limitations in modeling 3D shapes. Adding degrees of freedom is necessary to create more complex features. We designed a new 3D printer with multi-axis control to address this problem. Our final goal is the development of a five-axis 3D printer. We started with a four-Axis 3D printer as a first step. The number of lamination directions is increased from three to four. As conventional CAM systems cannot be used to program the desired lamination for a four-axis 3D printer, a new CAM system using the Kodatuno kernel was developed. The system can determine the nozzle orientation based on the machine tool formulation. This paper reports the developmental background and an overview of the developed machine tool as well as its characteristics, its evaluation results, and our future plans.

Cite this article as:

K. Kawagishi, S. Umetani, K. Tanaka, E. Ametani, Y. Morimoto, and K. Takasugi, “Development of Four-Axis 3D Printer with Fused Deposition Modeling Technology,” Int. J. Automation Technol., Vol.11 No.2, pp. 278-286, 2017.

Data files:

References

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This article is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationa License.

[1] [1] M. Agarwala, D. Bourell, J. Beaman, H. Marcus, and J. Barlow, “Direct selective laser sintering of metals,” Rapid Prototyping J., Vol.1, Issue 1, pp. 26-36, 1995.

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[3] [3] A. Gasser, G. Backes, I. Kelbassa, A. Weisheit, and K. Wissenbach, “Laser Additive Manufacturing,” Laser Technik J., pp. 58-63, 2010.

[4] [4] H. Gong, K. Rafi, H. Gu, T. Starr, and B. Strucker, “Analysis of defect generation in Ti–6Al–4V parts made using powder bedfusion additive manufacturing processes,” Additive Manufacturing, Vol.1-4, pp. 87-98, 2014.

[5] [5] T. Nakamoto, N. Shirakawa, Y. Miyata, T. Sone, and H. Inui, “Selective Laser Sintering and Subsequent Gas Nitrocarburizing of Low Carbon Steel Powder,” Int. J. of Automation Technology, Vol.2, No.3, pp. 168-174, 2008.

[6] [6] A. Lonsberry, A. Hunt, R. Quinn, and M. C, James, “Predicting the occurance of unstable arc formations in laser hot-wire additive manufacturing,” ISFA2016, pp. 245-250, 2016.

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[9] [9] OMRON Corporation, Sysmac Studio Version 1 Operation manual, p. 34, 2013.

[10] [10] D. N. Reshtov and V. T. Portman, “Accuracy of Machine Tools,” ASME Press, 1988.

[11] [11] Y. Morimoto, K. Nakato, and M. Gontani, “Accuracy Evaluation of 5-Axis Machining Center Based on Measurements of Machined Workpiece – Evaluation of Accuracy of 5-Axis Controlled Machining Center –,” Int. J. of Automation Technology, Vol.6, No.5, pp. 675-681, 2012.

[12] [12] I. Inasaki, “Theory of Generating Motion for Machine Tools,” Yokendo, pp. 1-8, 1997 (in Japanese).

[13] [13] Y. Yakeuchi, “CAM System for Multi-Axis and Multi-Tasking Machine tools,” Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun Ltd., p. 41, 2013 (in Japanese).

Development of Four-Axis 3D Printer with Fused Deposition Modeling Technology

Kyosuke Kawagishi*1,†, Shoma Umetani*2, Ken Tanaka*3, Eiji Ametani*4, Yoshitaka Morimoto*3, and Keigo Takasugi*5

Kyosuke Kawagishi^1,†, Shoma Umetani^2, Ken Tanaka^3, Eiji Ametani^4, Yoshitaka Morimoto^3, and Keigo Takasugi^5