JavaScript Date

The JavaScript Date object represents a specific moment in time, measured in milliseconds since the Unix Epoch (January 1, 1970). It’s crucial for working with date and time in web applications, providing methods for tasks like date manipulation, formatting, and calculations.

What is the JavaScript Date Object?

In JavaScript, the Date object tracks time as the number of milliseconds since the Unix Epoch. You can create a Date object using the new Date() constructor, which allows you to specify either the current date and time or a particular date.

Creating a Date Object

The Date object can be initialized in various ways using the new Date() constructor. It supports multiple formats for defining dates:

Syntax

new Date();
new Date(value);
new Date(dateString);
new Date(year, month, day, hours, minutes, seconds, milliseconds);

Different Ways to Create a Date Object

1. Current Date and Time

const currentDate = new Date();

2. Milliseconds since Epoch

const dateFromMilliseconds = new Date(1609459200000);  // Represents January 1, 2021

3. Date String

const dateFromString = new Date("March 25, 2024");

4. Specific Date and Time

const specificDate = new Date(2023, 10, 13, 5, 30, 22);  // Represents November 13, 2023, 5:30:22 AM

Parameters for the Date Constructor

The Date constructor allows for different parameter types to define a specific date and time. Here’s a breakdown of the possible parameters:

Retrieving Date Components

You can retrieve various parts of a date using the following methods:

• getFullYear(): Returns the full year (e.g., 2024).
• getMonth(): Returns the month (0 for January, 11 for December).
• getDate(): Returns the day of the month (1-31).
• getHours(): Returns the hour (0-23).
• getMinutes(): Returns the minutes (0-59).
• getSeconds(): Returns the seconds (0-59).
• getMilliseconds(): Returns the milliseconds (0-999).

Formatting Dates

You can format dates manually or use built-in options such as Intl.DateTimeFormat to display the date in a more readable format.

const date = new Date();
const formattedDate = new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en-US').format(date);  // Displays as month/day/year
console.log(formattedDate);

7/8/2024

Manipulating Dates

You can modify dates using various methods provided by the Date object, such as:

• setDate(): Adjusts the day of the month.
• setFullYear(): Sets the year.
• setMonth(): Sets the month.
• setHours(): Sets the hour.

Example 1: Adding 7 Days

The code initializes a Date object representing the current date. It then increments the date by 7 days using setDate(). Finally, it logs the modified date to the console.

let date = new Date();
date.setDate(date.getDate() + 7); // Adds 7 days to the current date
console.log(date);

2024-07-15T10:25:17.602Z

Example 2: Creating a Specific Date

The code initializes a `Date` object with the provided parameters: year (1996), month (10 for November), day (13), hours (5), minutes (30), seconds (22), and milliseconds (0 by default). It then logs this date to the console.

// When some numbers are taken as the parameter 
// then they are considered as year, month, day, 
// hours, minutes, seconds, milliseconds 
// respectively.
let A = new Date(1996, 10, 13, 5, 30, 22);

console.log(A);

1996-11-13T05:30:22.000Z

We have a complete list of Javascript Date object methods, to check those please go through this JavaScript Date Object Complete Reference article.

Supported Browsers

The browsers supported by JavaScript Date are listed below: 

• Google Chrome 5.0
• Edge 12
• Mozilla 4.0
• Safari 5.0
• Opera 11.1

Note: Ensure your browser is updated to the latest version for full compatibility and optimal performance when working with JavaScript Date functionalities..

JavaScript Date – FAQs

What’s the easiest way to format a date as yyyy-mm-dd in JavaScript?

Use the Date object’s built-in methods to break down and rearrange the date components.

Can you get the current date in dd-mm-yyyy format using JavaScript?

Yes, by extracting the day, month, and year, and then formatting them accordingly.

Is it possible to change a date from dd-mm-yyyy to yyyy-mm-dd format in JavaScript?

Absolutely, just rearrange the date string into the desired order.

How can I check if a date is in yyyy-mm-dd format?

You can validate the string format by using regular expressions or date parsing methods.

Can JavaScript give me tomorrow’s date in yyyy-mm-dd format?

Yes, you can manipulate the current date to return tomorrow’s date formatted as yyyy-mm-dd.

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Kanchan_Ray

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