Retreating Monsoon| Class 11 Geography Notes
Last Updated :
30 Apr, 2024
The monsoon season is a crucial time for India's farming and in general economy. Nonetheless, with the beginning of autumn, the storm begins to withdraw. This prompts a period known as the retreating monsoon. This period can bring a large group of climate-related difficulties, from dry seasons to flooding. It influences all that from crop to transportation organizations.
The retreating monsoon is a complicated and dynamic meteorological peculiarity. Understanding its examples and impacts is essential for dealing with the effects on the nation's horticulture and economy.
Retreating Monsoon| Class 11 Geography Notes
What is a Retreating Monsoon?
The Northeast Monsoon or Post-Monsoon Season are other names for a retreating monsoon. This is the time of year when the Indian subcontinent begins to experience the withdrawal of the southwest monsoon winds. The northeast monsoon winds then begin to blow toward the continent around the beginning of October. The winter months of October through November are when the Retreating Monsoon happens.
Some key features of the Retreating Monsoon season are:
- The monsoon rain starts to subside, and the breezes begin heading in a different path. Consequently, it is described by clear skies and lower moistness levels.
- The retreating storm season is crucial for some places of India as it is the principal wellspring of precipitation for the southern landmass. This especially incorporates Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, and coastal Andhra Pradesh.
- During this season, typhoons and depressions in the Bay of Bengal can cause heavy precipitation. It might prompt flooding and avalanches in certain areas.
- The withdrawing storm likewise denotes the start of the colder time of year season in India. The temperatures progressively decrease the nation over.
- Farming and other related exercises depend intensely on the withdrawing storm season. It is the ideal opportunity for gathering crops and planning for the colder time of year season.
Period/Season of Retreating Monsoon
Withdrawing storm season starts with the start of the withdrawal of the southwest rainstorm from mid-September to November and endures till early January. Precipitation over India is unevenly conveyed because of the withdrawing rainstorm. There are places where it rains a great deal and where it doesn't. In December, the southwest rainstorm leave the Coromandel coast. The second seven week of September sees the southwest rainstorm leave Punjab. Contrasted with the advancing rainstorm, the withdrawing storm pulls out slowly and over a more drawn out timeframe.
Climate During Retreating Monsoon
During the retreating monsoon in India, there are several factors that determine the climate. These factors are briefly explained below:
Factors
| Description
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Temperature
| India endures the winter months when the monsoon is receding. Consequently, with clear skies, the temperature decreases.
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Wind
| The Bay of Bengal provides moisture to the monsoon breeze that is retreating. Over a large area of the country, local pressure conditions have a major influence on wind direction.
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Pressure
| As the monsoon retreats toward the south direction, the pressure gradient becomes low.
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Rainfall
| The receding monsoon brings plenty amounts of rain to the Southeast Coast. During this time, there is an abundance of rainfall in northeastern India and Tamil Nadu. Almost half of the annual rainfall is made up of this rainfall.
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Humidity
| Because there is less rainfall during this season, humidity levels tend to drop. In coastal places, it is still comparatively high, though.
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Cloud cover
| When the monsoon season is retreating, clear skies are typical. As a result, there are less clouds. Cloud cover on occasion can result in cyclonic activity and thunderstorms.
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Annual Rainfall During Retreating Monsoon and Southwest Monsoon
Retreating Storm frequently brings uneven distribution of rainfall in India. There are a few sections that get a lot of precipitation, and as a matter of fact, a few sections get exceptionally less precipitation. The withdrawal of southwest rainstorm causes misfortune and harm, obliterating floods, dry spell like circumstances, and other outrageous climate occasions like lightning. It is additionally liable for 70% of Indian yearly precipitation.
We should examine the regions which get high and lesser precipitation
Areas of Very High Rainfall
- The North East Area of India, like the Indian territories of Nagaland, Meghalaya, Assam, Mizoram, Sikkim, portions of Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Tripura, and the north-eastern tip of West Bengal gets exceptionally high precipitation.
- The Western Ghats, which includes Thiruvananthapuram for the south to Mumbai in the north likewise get exceptionally high measures of precipitation.
Areas of High Rainfall
Among the areas experiencing high rainfall are the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats, a large section of the northern plain, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu.
Areas of Low Rainfall
Lower rainfall during the retreating monsoon is observed in large parts of Gujarat, Maharashtra, western Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, eastern Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, and parts of Uttar Pradesh.
Areas of Very Low Rainfall
Some of the regions with very little to no rainfall are desert and semi-desert regions, large parts of western Rajasthan, Kachchh, and the whole Ladakh region of Jammu & Kashmir.
Cyclones in India During Retreating Monsoon
- During the withdrawing rainstorm season in India, the nation frequently witnesses the event of cyclones. These typhoons are described by low-pressure, areas of strength for frameworks, and weighty precipitation.
- Cyclones during the withdrawing storm season essentially form in the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian sea.
- The months of October and November are the point at which the recurrence of cyclones is most noteworthy. The eastern shore of India is the most vulnerable.
The most serious cyclones hit India lately during the withdrawing storm season were:
- Cyclone Hudhud in 2014 and
- Cyclone Titli in 2018.
Difference Between Southwest Monsoon and Retreating Monsoon
Factors
| Southwest monsoon
| Retreating monsoon
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Duration
| June to September
| October to november
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Definition
| It is that time of year when winds carrying rain and moisture are moving toward the whole country of India.
| Retreating Monsson is the period of change after the withdrawal of the southwest monsoon.
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Movement of means
| The Southwest Monsoon winds are moisture-laden and flow from sea to land. They cause alot rainfall all over country.
| The breezes of the rainstorm make a trip from land to the ocean. Except for eastern seaside India and the sea shores of Tamil Nadu, they don't carry downpour to most of the country.
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Direction
| Towards the North east
| Towards South west direction.
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Type of wind
| Moist Winds
| Dry winds
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Amount of rainfall
| It causes huge amount of rainfall.
| Causes after effects which are cyclones.
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Regions that get impacted
| North eastern regions.
| Western ghats
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Conclusion - Retreating Monsoon Class 11 Notes
There are many advantages to a withdrawing rainstorm, including the capacity to develop rabi crops and the planning of the ground for the accompanying developing season. El Nino doesn't influence upper east rainstorm winds the manner in which it does southwest storm winds.
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Retreating Monsoon Class 11 Notes
What is retreating monsoon Class 11?
During the months of October-November, the south-west storm winds become more fragile and begin to withdraw from the skies of North India. This period of the rainstorm is known as the retreating monsoon.
What are the notes on advancing and retreating monsoon?
The advancing storm carries downpour to most of India. The Indian mainland gets less downpour during the retreating of the monsoon. The advancing storm in India starts in June and endures through September. The withdrawing storm in India starts in October and endures through November.
What is the reason for retreating monsoon?
This occurs because of low temperatures brought about by the shift of the sun towards the equator and furthermore attributable to the boundless downpours cutting down temperatures. Subsequently, the gaseous tension starts diminishing. Such changes in the patterns of climatic strain makes Southwest rainstorm to withdraw.
What are the two main characteristics of retreating monsoon?
The retreat of the rainstorm is set by clear skies and rise in temperature. While day temperatures are high evenings are cool and charming. The land is as yet soggy. Attributable to the states of high temperature and stickiness the weather conditions turns out to be fairly severe during the day.
In which state monsoon comes last in India?
Punjab is the last state to experience monsoon in India.