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Volume 6 (1955 - 1956･･･
- Issue 3-4 Pages 213-
- Issue 2 Pages 101-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 6, Issue 2
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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H. Arakawa1955 Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 101-115
Published: December 15, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe first part of this paper deals with the meteorological conditions of the three great famines in Japan 1782∼1787,1833∼1839 and 1866∼1869. For this climatological chronology to have its maximum value reliable and quantitative data are cited with care. The second part deals with four principal factors that may determine what the climate for North Japan shall be. Violent eruptions, variation in the measured intensity of solar radiation, solar activities and water-temperature variation in the North-West Pacific Ocean, are quite of importance as meteorological factors and have significance from a seasonal-forecasting point of view.
It should be remarked that these famines resulted from the coldness of the summer with unseasonable prolonged rains, while serious famines in India and other monsoon lands result when the rains are far below normal.View full abstractDownload PDF (3171K) -
K. Itoo1955 Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 116-125
Published: December 15, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe snowfalls in Tokyo were observed 8 times from 1953 through 1955. Pictures of snowflakes were taken and the size of their particles was measured with the powders of water blue. In Tokyo snow falls at higher temperature. Its crystal forms are needle, dendrite and snow pellets, all of which are rimed crystals.View full abstractDownload PDF (4954K) -
N. Kodaira, M. Inada1955 Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 126-129
Published: December 15, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this report the radar snowfall intensity is compared with that obtained from a snowflake sampler and it is shown that the F-factor of 1/8 can be used as in the case of rain measurement. In case the reflectivity factor Z changes rapidly in wide range just like the day of experiment, the measurement of snowfall intensity by radar causes a large error and is very difficult unless Z is obtained directly.View full abstractDownload PDF (1551K) -
I. Imai, M. Fujiwara, I. Ichimura, Y. Toyama1955 Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 130-139
Published: December 15, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the radar reflectivity of falling snow, a continuous observation of size distributions of snow particles was made The fall velocity in relation to the melted diameter of snowflakes was studied simultaneously. The results show that a definite relationship between the radar reflectivity Z and the intensity of snowfall R exists for a duration of an hour or so. With the change in the degree of aggregation of snowflakes, an abrupt change of the coefficient occurs. The coefficients are some 3 to 10 times as great as that in MARSHALL'S relation. A brief discussion of the observed size-distribution curves is made.View full abstractDownload PDF (3292K) -
M. Sanuki, S. Kimura, S. Toyama1955 Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 140-143
Published: December 15, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA three-cup anemometer and a combination wind vane and anemometer model are tested in wind tunnel as to their rotational speed in the presence of a cylindrical obstacle. Somewhat consistent and remarkable errors in reading, especially in the lee-side, are observed which should be taken into account in wind speed measurement at towers, pylons etc.View full abstractDownload PDF (490K) -
Atmospheric Pollution (II)M. Moriguchi1955 Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 144-149
Published: December 15, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn examing the correlation of the variance of atmospheric SO2 observed at each of the six stations in the Tokyo district from 18th to 24th, January,1955, the effects of wind direction and wind force on the concentration of SO2 were found out, and the correlations of the concentration of SO2 with atmospheric dust number, and with visibility were obtained.View full abstractDownload PDF (1581K) -
On the Role of the Scattered Light Higher than the SecondK. Sekihara1955 Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 150-163
Published: December 15, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIntensities of light from the sky ranging from about λ 4660Å to λ 3115Å were calculated, using CHANDRASEKHAR'S theory of radiative equilibrium in a RAYLEIGH atmosphere and the results were compared with observed distribution and also with theoretical results of direct integration of primary and secondary scattering. With the exception of the distribution when the sun's altitude is high where non-Rayleigh scattering is remarkable, the observed distributions were almost quantitatively explained by the theory of radiative equilibrium, but the theory of direct integration could not, because the scattered light of higher orders than the second, amounting to 30∼40% in the range of the wave-length of about λ 3115Å, gave an essential feature to the distribution. However in the visible range these quantities wave at most several percent and the validity of the method of direct integration was confirmed to some extent.View full abstractDownload PDF (2212K) -
A Tentative Analysis of Wind Wave Data in View of the Foaming of Sea WaterT. Abe1955 Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 164-171
Published: December 15, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present author treated tentatively the relation between the wind wave scales and the surface water temperatures in an open sea using the data of oceanographical observations taken at the Northern Fixed Point (39°N,153°E) in the North Pacific Ocean with a view to the foaming of sea water, and the following results were obtained:
1) The general features of the annual variation in wind waves were discussed (Section 3).
2) The probability (P3) of the appearance of the wind wave of scale 3 has a tendency to decrease with increasing surface water temperature, that is to say, the lower the surface water temperature becomes, the stronger the foaming ability (Section 4).
3) A quantity S (=τh0) was deifined, which is physically significant, in order to indicate the degree of foaming in actual cases, where τ and h0 represent the half life and the initial height of foam layer, respectively. Using the values of the quantity calculated from the results of his laboratory experiments, the auther could ascertain that the relationship mentioned abovt holds good approximately (Section 5).View full abstractDownload PDF (1108K) -
S. Unoki1955 Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 172-184
Published: December 15, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom the visual observation of wind waves and swell made on various coasts of Japan, the strength, duration, distribution, seasonal variation and generating source of them could be understood somewhat quantitatively. The results are shown in several tables and figures.View full abstractDownload PDF (2106K) -
“ Normal ” Values and Annual Variations of Oceanographic ElementsM. Koizumi1955 Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 185-201
Published: December 15, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOceanographic data of the Ocean Weather Stations “ Extra ” (39°N,153° E) and “ Tango ” (29° N,135° E) are treated. “ Normal ” monthly values, which will be the basis of future investigations, are prepared of some of oceanographic elements. Characteristics of the annual variations in the oceanographic elements are discussed, comparison being made between the two sea regions of the Ocean Weather Stations “ Extra ” and “ Tango ”. Some descriptions are given of spring layers of temperature, chlorinity, and σt and of vertical sta. bility. Besides, numerical values of eddy conductivity are computed by applying FJELDSTAD'S method and some relationships between transparency and colour of the sea are examined.View full abstractDownload PDF (3138K) -
Y. Takahashi1955 Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 202-204
Published: December 15, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (271K) -
M. Fujiwara1955 Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 205-209
Published: December 15, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (699K)
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