Analogical reasoning works by mapping the structure and relations of a source domain (the familiar or known situation) onto a target domain (the unfamiliar or unknown situation). The source domain provides a schema or a framework that can guide your understanding and exploration of the target domain. The mapping process involves identifying the relevant features and relations in both domains, finding the correspondences or similarities between them, and drawing inferences or conclusions based on the analogy. For example, if you map the source domain of a clock onto the target domain of a solar system, you can identify the features (hands, numbers, gears) and relations (rotation, speed, direction) in the clock, and find the correspondences with the features (planets, sun, orbits) and relations (revolution, velocity, gravity) in the solar system. Based on the analogy, you can infer that the solar system has a regular and predictable motion, or that the planets closer to the sun move faster than the ones farther away.