How do you create universally accessible landscape designs?

1 What is universal design?

Universal design is a concept that aims to create products, environments, and services that are usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design. Universal design goes beyond the minimum requirements of accessibility standards and codes, and considers the diversity of human abilities, preferences, and situations. Universal design benefits not only people with disabilities, but also older adults, children, pregnant women, and anyone who faces temporary or situational challenges.

3 What are some examples of universally accessible landscape design features?

Universally accessible landscape design features can offer a variety of benefits, such as clear and continuous pathways with adequate width, surface, slope, and edge protection. Additionally, accessible entrances should be provided to buildings or structures with door width, hardware, threshold, and clearance. Accessible seating should be comfortable and adjustable for different users, with adequate height, depth, width, armrests, and backrests. Restrooms should be accessible and sanitary with adequate stalls, fixtures, grab bars, and dispensers. Play areas should be accessible and fun with equipment, surfacing, and layout suitable for different ages and abilities. Finally, sensory elements should stimulate the users' vision, hearing, touch, smell, and taste with labels, descriptions or instructions that are readable, audible or tactile.

4 How to evaluate and improve the universal accessibility of a landscape design?

Evaluating and improving the universal accessibility of a landscape design can be achieved through various methods and tools, such as adhering to relevant accessibility standards and codes, like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Standards for Accessible Design, the International Building Code (IBC), and local regulations. Additionally, accessibility checklists and audits, such as the Center for Universal Design's Universal Design Checklist, the National Center on Accessibility's Accessibility Assessment Checklist, and the Landscape Architecture Foundation's Landscape Performance Series should be used to review and assess the design. Furthermore, it is important to test and evaluate the design with actual or potential users of the landscape, particularly those with diverse abilities and preferences. It is also essential to incorporate their feedback and suggestions into the design, as well as that of stakeholders, clients, and experts. This testing and feedback will provide valuable insights for enhancing the accessibility quality and satisfaction of the design.