What are the pros and cons of different types of fire extinguishers for different types of fires in the lab?

2 Choosing fire extinguishers

Fire extinguishers are labeled with symbols or letters indicating the classes of fire they can handle, such as an ABC rating for Class A, B, and C fires. However, some fire extinguishers may have limitations or drawbacks for certain types of fires. Water is effective for Class A fires, as it cools down and smothers the burning material, but should never be used for Class B, C, D, or K fires, or near electrical sources. Foam is effective for Class A and B fires, but not for Class C, D, or K fires near electrical sources. Carbon dioxide is effective for Class B and C fires but should not be used for Class A, D, or K fires in confined spaces. Dry powder is effective for Class A, B, C and D fires but should not be used for Class K fires in sensitive areas. Wet chemical is effective for Class K fires but can cause a violent reaction if it comes into contact with some metals or other substances; therefore it should only be used with caution.

3 Using fire extinguishers

Before using a fire extinguisher, it is essential to assess the situation and follow general fire safety steps. This includes raising the alarm, checking the fire class and extinguisher rating, ensuring a clear escape route, and following the PASS technique (Pull the pin, Aim the nozzle, Squeeze the handle, and Sweep from side to side). Additionally, it is important to keep a safe distance and avoid inhaling the extinguishing agent. If the fire extinguisher is empty or ineffective, stop using it and evacuate if necessary.

4 Maintaining fire extinguishers

Fire extinguishers should be inspected regularly and serviced by qualified professionals to ensure that they are in good working order and ready for use. To ensure the fire extinguisher is in good condition, you should check that the pressure gauge is in the green zone, the nozzle is not blocked, the safety seal is intact and the pin is in place, the body is not damaged or corroded and there is no leakage, the label is legible and matches the fire class, and the expiry date has not passed.

5 Learning fire safety

Fire safety is not only about knowing how to use fire extinguishers, but also how to prevent and respond to fires in the laboratory. To ensure safety, it is important to follow the laboratory rules and regulations regarding fire hazards and emergency procedures. Additionally, it is essential to wear appropriate personal protective equipment and avoid loose clothing or jewelry when working with flammable substances. Electrical equipment should be used safely and any faults or defects should be reported. Furthermore, it is important to keep your work area clean and tidy, disposing of waste materials properly. Finally, it is necessary to participate in fire safety training and drills regularly in order to stay up-to-date with knowledge and skills.