When designing the optimal layout of lighting fixtures and controls for sustainable lighting, several important factors should be taken into consideration. Natural light should be maximized by strategically placing windows, using light shelves, reflectors, or diffusers, and avoiding obstructions or glare. Artificial light should be used only when necessary, and at the appropriate level and color for the task and time of day. It can be minimized by using sensors, timers, or dimmers, and by zoning or switching the lights according to the occupancy and activity of the space. Placement should ensure even and sufficient illumination, without creating shadows, glare, or hot spots. It should also suit the function and style of the space by using direct, indirect, or accent lighting, and by choosing the right size, shape, and color of the fixtures.