What are the most effective methods for capturing carbon emissions?

The specific technique chosen for CO2 capture depends on several factors, including the source of the CO2, the desired purity of the captured CO2, and the cost of the process. Some of the most common absorption methods include chemical absorption with amine solutions, physical absorption with organic solvents, and ionic liquids. Common adsorption methods include pressure swing adsorption (PSA), temperature swing adsorption (TSA), and vacuum swing adsorption (VSA).

CCS is a process that captures CO2 from industrial sources and stores it underground or elsewhere. It can be used for power plants, cement kilns, steel mills, and chemical plants. It can capture CO2 by different methods, such as post-combustion, pre-combustion oxy-fuel, and direct air capture. CCS can help fight climate change by keeping CO2 out of the atmosphere. But CCS is also costly, complex, risky, and controversial.

In my opinion planting trees is always the best option s they apture Co2 naturally. Reducing deforestation is another valid option

The oldest ways, nature's ways are the best, and the cheapest, e.g. Phyto remediation, be it by plants or plankton. IMHO carbon capture and underground storage involve too much cost and are unprovable within a hundred years. Yet phytoremediation and carbon capture in natural vegetation sinks is provable and quantifiable... and nature has been doing it for 3.7 billion years. So plant trees, and restore natural environments, from bogs to prairies. Critically, change agricultural practices to prevent carbon loss from soils (that occurs in modern glycerophosphate-intensive farming) and above all protect ocean biomes, as they are potentially the largest global carbon sink.

Carbon capture and storage by natural means (e.g. mangrove forests and their soils) is one of the sources to be prioritized through restoration processes for this coastal ecosystem, which adjoins another important carbon storage habitat, seagrass beds.

Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) presents an innovative approach to addressing carbon emissions by converting them into valuable products. CCU converts CO2 into fuels, chemicals, or materials, reducing emissions and promoting circular economy principles by repurposing waste. However, the scalability and efficiency of CCU technologies remain critical challenges, requiring continued research and development efforts. Additionally, careful consideration of the life cycle emissions of CCU products is essential to ensure their overall environmental sustainability. Despite challenges, CCU has significant potential for economic growth and climate action, promising emissions reduction in the transition to sustainability.

We at Saif Air (Dubai, UAE) have successfully used DAC in the Building HVAC system to capture CO2, VOC, Humidity and other pollutants from AIR. We convert buildings to CO2 sinks. This process has a payback of 2 to 3 years The captured CO2 can be stored, converted to dry ice or used in a Green House. The humidity can be used for irrigation or upgraded into high quality drinking water. We are happy to collaborate with interested entities.

CCU encourages circular economy and is an effective technology for the transition to lower carbon offerings. However, it’s not yet affordable to scale up. Which requires governments support and blended finance to make it a more affordable technology.

Utilization of CO2 is not widen, especially un-treated CO2 gas. CO2 can be used for purging system for fire fighting system, use at food industries as carbonic acid, and even injected in the concrete to increase concrete strength. However, the utilization is not much compared to CO2 produced. At the same time, CO2 have narrow use in industries. Hence, utilization of CO2 is still in early study, and needs more research and analysis.

Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) is a transformative approach that aligns with the principles of sustainability and resource efficiency. By converting CO2 emissions into commercially valuable products, CCU not only helps in mitigating climate change but also adds economic value, promoting a circular economy. It embodies the essence of environmental engineering: to design systems that minimize waste and environmental impact while maximizing utility. The continuous improvement of CCU technology will be crucial, requiring innovative research to enhance scalability and ensure that the environmental benefits outweigh the impacts throughout the technology’s lifecycle.

BECCS is currently the alternative to reach negative CO2 emissions at large volumes with scale and commercial proof technology. There is no food competition when waste biomass is used. In fact, using pyrolysis as a thermochemical conversion process, might lead to produce biochar that can be incorporated into the soil, as a circular option for carbon. The carbon in flue gas can be captured through BECCS. So a close cycle.

While a typical engineering solution to dealing with an over abundance of CO2 in the atmosphere is to capture and securely store it, I’ve always maintained that a more efficient and effective storage method is to let nature turn the CO2 into wood and make more trees, just as was done historically with the growth of rain forests, etc. I could see objections that such growth takes out area for food production and the like, but in areas that were formerly forested, there is land that is well suited for new tree growth, so it is readily available. The upshot is that planting trees is a great way to address atmospheric CO2.

A captura de carbono por meio da bioenergia, pode ser uma das soluções dentre outras a serem utilizadas, essa técnica, no caso do Brasil traz o beneficio da conversão dos resíduos agrícolas em combustível, resíduos esses que o Brasil produz em grande quantidade, haja visto o tamanho do agronegócio brasileiro, porém acredito que essa é apenas mais uma possibilidade dentre outras, para capturar as emissões de carbono

Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) presents a unique opportunity to generate energy while simultaneously removing CO2 from the atmosphere. By harnessing biomass for energy production and capturing the resulting emissions, BECCS has the potential to achieve negative emissions, aiding in climate change mitigation efforts. However, its implementation raises concerns regarding its impact on food production, biodiversity, and land use. Addressing challenges demands planning, sustainable land management, and consideration of social and environmental factors. Despite controversy, BECCS is a valuable carbon mitigation strategy, emphasizing the need to balance energy needs with sustainability.

The use of sugar cane biomass is an excellent option due to its low cost in the mills. However, even though it is one of the most promising for complying with environmental measures, its challenge lies in its cost. The issue with using this biomass is that cost is often the main barrier.

That is pecisely the problem...large amounts of air to capture a small amount of CO2. There is (only) 0.04% CO2 in the air. Alot of the captured CO2 then needs to offset the energy required to power the facility, unless it runs on solar or wind. The most powerful carbon capture technology is nature ! We need to restore and replenish natural systems.

Although DAC is a process that aims to find a solution for capturing CO2 in the atmosphere, it still requires material and energy to operate. Investing in programs against deforestation and planting new forests could be a cheaper and more attractive way forward in the long term.

We at Saif Air (Dubai, UAE) have successfully used DAC in the Building HVAC system to capture CO2, VOC, Humidity and other pollutants from AIR. We convert buildings to CO2 sinks. This process has a payback of 2 to 3 years The captured CO2 can be stored, converted to dry ice or used in a Green House. The humidity can be used for irrigation or upgraded into high quality drinking water. We are happy to collaborate with interested entities.

Positive aspects of direct air CO2 capture include its potential to remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere, helping mitigate the impacts of climate change. It can be deployed in various locations, making it versatile. Additionally, it can address emissions from hard-to-decarbonize sectors like oil and gas. On the negative side, direct air CO2 capture currently faces challenges such as high costs, energy requirements, and limited scalability. The environmental impact of the materials used in the capture process and the disposal of captured CO2 also need consideration. Striking a balance between benefits and drawbacks is crucial for effective implementation.

DAC can play an important role in carbon neutrality, especially in industries where decarbonization is more difficult to achieve in other ways. As a result, DAC is increasingly being seen as part of wider climate change mitigation efforts.

Enhanced weathering (EW) offers a novel approach to carbon removal by accelerating the natural process of CO2 absorption into minerals. With the potential to enhance soil fertility and carbon storage, EW holds promise for mitigating climate change while improving agricultural productivity. However, its effectiveness relies on various factors, including mineral availability and environmental conditions, posing challenges to widespread implementation. Overcoming these challenges requires further research, technological advancements, and sustainable land management practices. Despite uncertainties, EW represents a valuable tool in the quest for carbon neutrality and sustainable land use.

Se a captação direta já é limitada pela pouca tecnologia disponível, o intemperismo aprimorado necessita dessa e de interesse e recursos de grandes empresas mineradoras, como a Vale e a Petrobras, no caso do Brasil.

Unfortunately, this wrong mindset has been created in the world that the development of electric cars can lead to a reduction in pollution and less carbon production while if we continue to use fossil energy to produce electricity, not only carbon production will not decrease, but due to the low efficiency of power plants from diesel and gasoline vehicles, as well as energy loss in energy transmission and electric vehicles, the overall efficiency of fuels Fossil declines. And this means more pollution.

➡️ The most effective method is always to avoid greenhouse gas emission in the first place. ⚠️ Capturing carbon emissions is only the last stage of the minimization process as each methods and tools have a much higher cost than prevention and their efficiency are quite contestable over the long term.

Encouraging Afforestation and Reforestation projects aids in capturing carbondioxide from the atmosphere. Planting trees plays a crucial role as they naturally absorb and store carbon as they grow.

Existem dois pontos importantes a serem considerados: - Primeiro: A captura e armazenamento do carbono deve ser utilizada como mitigação em casos onde eliminar a fonte de emissão é impossível ou inviável. O maior esforço precisa ser concentrado em eliminar a causa sempre que possível, como já diziam antigamente “prevenir é melhor do que remediar”. - Segundo: Não sendo possível eliminar a emissão de carbono, a captura é a principal fonte de mitigação, porém ainda é uma tecnologia pouco acessível. Nesse sentido, existe uma forte necessidade de investimento na área para aprimoramento das tecnologias e principalmente redução do custo.

Unfortunately, we have to understand that the best way to deal with CO2 is to start reducing our own footprint. Simple actions such as deciding what to eat, choosing what to buy, and how we move can have a significant impact. These aren't large and complex treatment systems; it's simply about working on environmental education, coupled with good governmental management that truly holds companies accountable for their environmental actions while minimizing the efforts required from ordinary individuals. It may sound altruistic, but with awareness, any action can be generated!