What are the skills and competencies needed for solar thermal professionals and researchers in the future?

1 Solar thermal systems and components

Solar thermal systems consist of different components that work together to collect, store, and distribute solar heat. These include collectors, heat exchangers, pumps, valves, pipes, tanks, and controllers. To design, install, operate, and maintain solar thermal systems, professionals need to have a solid understanding of the principles, performance, and limitations of each component. They also need to be familiar with the standards, codes, and regulations that apply to solar thermal installations. Additionally, they need to be able to evaluate the environmental, economic, and social impacts of solar thermal systems.

2 Solar thermal modeling and simulation

Solar thermal modeling and simulation are essential tools for optimizing the design and performance of solar thermal systems. They allow researchers and engineers to test different scenarios, parameters, and configurations, and to predict the behavior and output of solar thermal systems under various conditions. To conduct solar thermal modeling and simulation, professionals need to have strong skills in mathematics, physics, programming, and software. They also need to be able to validate, calibrate, and verify their models and simulations with experimental data and field measurements.

3 Solar thermal materials and nanotechnology

Solar thermal materials and nanotechnology are emerging fields that offer new possibilities for enhancing the efficiency and durability of solar thermal systems. They involve the development and application of novel materials and structures that can absorb, reflect, transmit, or store solar heat more effectively. Some examples are selective coatings, phase change materials, nanofluids, and metamaterials. To work in solar thermal materials and nanotechnology, professionals need to have a background in chemistry, materials science, nanoscience, and engineering. They also need to be able to use advanced techniques and equipment for characterizing and testing solar thermal materials.

4 Solar thermal integration and hybridization

Solar thermal integration and hybridization refer to the combination of solar thermal systems with other energy sources or technologies, such as photovoltaic, biomass, geothermal, or heat pumps. The aim is to increase the reliability, flexibility, and competitiveness of solar thermal energy. To achieve solar thermal integration and hybridization, professionals need to have a broad knowledge of the different energy systems and their interactions. They also need to have skills in system analysis, optimization, and control. Furthermore, they need to be able to communicate and collaborate with other stakeholders and disciplines.