You’re looking to start a mechanical project. What drill bits should you use?

1 Twist bits

Twist bits are the most common and versatile drill bits. They have a spiral shape that helps remove the chips and debris from the hole as you drill. Twist bits can drill into wood, metal, plastic, and other materials. However, they vary in their coating, angle, and length. For example, black oxide coating reduces friction and increases durability, while titanium coating adds hardness and resistance to heat. The angle of the tip affects how fast and clean the bit can penetrate the material. The length of the bit determines how deep you can drill. You should choose the twist bit that matches your material and project requirements.

2 Masonry bits

Masonry bits are designed to drill into concrete, brick, stone, and other hard materials. They have a carbide tip that can withstand the abrasion and impact of drilling into masonry. Masonry bits also have a fluted shape that helps remove dust and debris from the hole. However, they require more power and pressure than twist bits, and they can overheat easily. You should use a hammer drill or a rotary hammer drill to drive masonry bits effectively. You should also lubricate the bit with water or oil to prevent overheating and wear.

3 Spade bits

Spade bits are used to drill large and flat-bottomed holes in wood. They have a flat blade with a pointed tip that cuts through the wood fibers. Spade bits can drill fast and create smooth holes, but they can also cause splintering and tear-out on the edges. You should use a low speed and a steady hand when using spade bits. You should also clamp your workpiece and use a backing board to prevent damage to the surface.

4 Forstner bits

Forstner bits are another type of drill bit that can create large and flat-bottomed holes in wood. They have a cylindrical shape with a rim and a center spur that guide the bit into the wood. Forstner bits can drill precise and clean holes, but they can also be expensive and difficult to sharpen. You should use a drill press or a bench drill when using forstner bits, as they can be hard to control with a handheld drill. You should also clear the chips and debris frequently to prevent overheating and clogging.

5 Hole saws

Hole saws are not really drill bits, but they are attachments that can create large and round holes in various materials. They have a circular blade with teeth that cut through the material as you drill. Hole saws can drill into wood, metal, plastic, tile, and other materials, but they vary in their size, material, and tooth design. For example, bi-metal hole saws have a steel body and a high-speed steel cutting edge, while carbide hole saws have a carbide-tipped cutting edge. The tooth design affects how fast and smooth the hole saw can cut through the material. You should choose the hole saw that matches your material and hole size.

6 Here’s what else to consider

This is a space to share examples, stories, or insights that don’t fit into any of the previous sections. What else would you like to add?