To optimize solar panel performance during unpredictable weather, employ advanced weather forecasting tools and AI-driven energy prediction models to improve accuracy. Integrate energy storage systems like batteries to manage supply fluctuations. Use bifacial panels and trackers to enhance generation under variable sunlight. For high Deviation Settlement Mechanism (DSM) penalties, maintain robust forecasting practices and real-time monitoring to reduce deviations. Collaborate with grid operators for flexible scheduling. Over-generate slightly within permissible limits to buffer against inaccuracies, minimizing penalties. Regularly update models with localized weather data for adaptive and precise energy predictions.

Unpredictable weather patterns significantly impact solar panel performance, primarily due to fluctuations in solar irradiance, shading, and dust accumulation. Setting up a small weather station at the solar farm with essential monitoring devices like a pyranometer, thermometer, anemometer, and dust particle sensor will enable real-time tracking of these parameters. This data allows for timely corrective actions, such as adjusting panel angles, scheduling cleaning, or addressing shading issues, thereby optimizing performance and ensuring consistent energy output.

1. Utilize High-Efficiency Panels • Invest in solar panels with high efficiency that can generate power even under low-light conditions 2. Install a Solar Tracking System • Use single or dual-axis solar trackers to maximize exposure to sunlight throughout the day 3. Implement Energy Storage Systems • Integrate batteries or other energy storage solutions to store excess power during sunny periods. 4. Adopt Weather Forecasting Tools 5. Use Anti-Reflective Coatings 6. Smart Inverters and Optimization 7. Tilt and Orientation Adjustments 8. Cleaning and Maintenance 9. Hybrid Systems Combine solar power with other renewable sources 10. Data Monitoring Systems

I think everyone have answered it. but if regulatory body ask for query of unpredictibility, i think best answer is FORCE MAJEURE :) :)

We use solar modules with TOPCon or HJT cells, which offer superior performance in low irradiance conditions and extreme temperatures.