Biomass gasification converts solid biomass such as wood from forestry and landscape management, straw, lignocellulosic residues etc. in one or more conversion steps into a burnable gas, referred to as syngas, synthesis gas, product gas or producer gas. Gasification processes themselves are quite flexible regarding the use of feedstock.
The syngas can be used for more efficient and flexible electricity (and heat) production. Further, different chemicals and chemical energy carriers can be produced from the gas, such as methane, hydrogen, FT-diesel and methanol. This facilitates the transport, storage, and use of bioenergy in different sectors such as transport and chemical industry. Finally, inherently biogenic CO2 is produced and it can be used, even in a flexible way, for sequestration (i.e. negative emissions) or together with renewable hydrogen in PtX processes, i.e. allowing for (even seasonal) energy storage.
The Nong Bua plant in Nakhon Sawan, Thailand uses Dual Fluidized Bed (DFB) gasification technology, based on a technology developed in Austria and installed at 8 MWth in Güssing. New engineering design and improvements from the Güssing plant were implemented on certain equipment in the Nong Bua plant. The developments included improved fuel feeding system, biomass dryer, gasifier design, tar scrubber design, and heat exchanger system. With these improvements, the 3.8 MWth prototype DFB gasifier has been the first of its kind plant that can be operated with several different biomass resources such as wood chips, sugarcane leaf, corncob, and other renewable biomass resources.
The case study was prepared by Task 44 (Flexible Bioenergy and System Integration), together with Task 33 (Gasification of Biomass and Waste).
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