Alan Foum’s Post

The importance of shale composition and pore structure upon gas storage potential of shale gas reservoirs https://lnkd.in/eUX3juEJ

Optimizing Field Productivity through geochemical analysis

Unexplained fluid properties? In unconventional reservoirs, both operational and geological factors lead to significant lateral and vertical variations in API gravity, GOR, and fluid viscosity across a field. How those reservoirs are developed and managed (in terms of completion design, well spacing and reserves estimates) is impacted by subsurface fluid properties and reservoir conditions. Better well planning is possible by simple geochemical characterization of the produced fluids to identify migrated high-maturity gas, production fractionation and/or out-of-zone production.  Additional processes, such as water-washing and gas-washing of subsurface fluids can also be distinguished. Without consideration of these processes, PVT samples can be collected at the wrong time in the life of a well or recombined inappropriately. In some cases, an oil field has been converted into a gas condensate by migrated gas or extreme production fractionation, stranding significant reserves in the subsurface. Stratum Reservoir has published several papers on this subject (the figure here is from a SCOOP case study, but we also have Permian Basin case studies) which I can send to anyone interested in learning more. #stratumreservoir #gasgeochemistry #oilgeochemsitry #petroleumgeochemistry #permianbasin

Petroleum Seep🛢: A petroleum seep is where natural oil or gas escapes to the Earth's surface or atmosphere, typically at low pressure. These seeps are usually found above both terrestrial and offshore oil and gas reservoirs. Hydrocarbons can seep along geological layers, through fractures in the rock, or directly from exposed oil-bearing rocks. Petroleum seeps have been known and utilized since ancient times. They are common worldwide, with a comprehensive list of seeps published in 2022. Natural products like bitumen, asphalt, and tar often come from these seeps. In some cases, large seeps can create natural "eternal flames." Seeps occur when the seal above an oil or gas reservoir is breached, causing hydrocarbons to migrate towards the surface. This breach is often due to overpressure, which can result from rapid sediment accumulation or fluid expansion. Depending on the degree of overpressure, seeps can be low-intensity or high-intensity, with the latter occurring when rock fractures under high pressure. #PetroleumSeep #OilAndGas #Energy #Oilfield #Reservoir #Offshore #Drilling #NaturalResources #Geology #EarthScience Reference: For a comprehensive list of petroleum seeps, visit the Wikipedia page on petroleum seeps: https://lnkd.in/df99B4hW

November 2024. Another project has been completed. A series of lectures for department employees on the topic 1. Basics of Geopressure 2. Hydrocarbon migration 3. Extensional basins. Tctonics 4. Extensional basins. Sedimentation and Petroleum Systems 5. Unconventional hydrocarbons 6. Compressional basins 7. Mixture of distributions and application for the geological risking

Seven Pillars of Wisdom for Oil Accumulation Source Rock The birthplace of hydrocarbons, source rock is rich in organic material that, under heat and pressure, transforms into oil and gas. Hydrocarbon Generation This process occurs as organic matter in the source rock is subjected to thermal maturation, breaking down into oil and gas over geological time. Primary Migration to a Suitable Structure (Reservoir) Hydrocarbons move from the source rock into permeable rocks or pathways, driven by pressure differences. Structural Trap A natural geological configuration, such as a fold or fault, that halts the upward movement of hydrocarbons, creating a storage space. Reservoir Rock A porous and permeable rock, such as sandstone or carbonate, where hydrocarbons accumulate and can be extracted efficiently. Seal Rock An impermeable rock layer, like shale or salt, that prevents hydrocarbons from escaping upward, ensuring their entrapment in the reservoir. Secondary Migration Within the Reservoir Once trapped, hydrocarbons migrate locally within the reservoir, settling in the most favorable locations under structural and stratigraphic influences. These seven pillars collectively govern the complex process of oil accumulation, guiding exploration and drilling strategies in the search for petroleum resources. Drilling Technology 1999 Steve Devereux PennWell #seven #pillars #hydrocarbons #reservoir

Meaning of Unconventional Petroleum Geology https://lnkd.in/eZqnekHn

High Quality Reservoir-Bearing Sands to be Drilled for Oil

A brilliant short note on detrimental effect of clay minerals on reservoir quality. Must read!

🌍 𝗜𝗺𝗽𝗮𝗰𝘁 𝗼𝗳 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘆 𝗠𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗹𝘀 𝗼𝗻 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗼𝗶𝗿 𝗤𝘂𝗮𝗹𝗶𝘁𝘆 🌍 In the oil and gas industry, Reservoir Quality refers to the ability of a reservoir to store and transmit hydrocarbons effectively. High-quality reservoirs have good porosity (space for storing hydrocarbons) and permeability (ease of fluid flow), both of which are essential for efficient hydrocarbon production. Several factors affect reservoir quality, with clay minerals being one of the most influential. 🔹 𝗪𝗵𝘆 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘆 𝗠𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗹𝘀 𝗠𝗮𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗿 Clay minerals, such as kaolinite, illite, and smectite, are commonly found in sandstone and carbonate reservoirs. These minerals can fill pore spaces or coat grain surfaces, which reduces porosity and permeability. As a result, clay minerals may restrict fluid flow, complicating the extraction process. 🔹 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗲𝗻𝗴𝗲𝘀 𝗣𝗼𝘀𝗲𝗱 𝗯𝘆 𝗖𝗹𝗮𝘆 𝗠𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗹𝘀 1-Reduced Porosity and Permeability: Clay minerals occupy space within the reservoir, decreasing the volume available for hydrocarbons. 2-Water Sensitivity: Some clays, like smectite, swell upon contact with water, further reducing permeability and potentially leading to formation damage. 3-Fines Migration: Clays can become dislodged during production, migrating through the reservoir and clogging pore spaces, which decreases productivity. 🔹 𝗢𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗺𝗶𝘇𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗿𝘃𝗼𝗶𝗿 𝗣𝗲𝗿𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 Knowing the distribution and type of clay minerals within a reservoir allows engineers to select appropriate drilling and completion techniques, such as tailored fluid systems that minimize clay swelling and fines migration. By mitigating the effects of clay minerals, we can enhance reservoir quality and maximize hydrocarbon recovery. Clay minerals may seem like a small component, but their impact on reservoir quality is profound. A comprehensive approach to analyzing and managing clay-related challenges is essential for efficient reservoir management and sustained production. #Reservoir_Quality #Clay_Minerals #Petroleum_Engineering #Geology #Oil_and_Gas #Energy_Industry #Reservoir_Management #Hydrocarbon_Recovery #Production_Optimization