Hennick Bridgepoint Hospital, Sinai Health’s Post

Gestational Diabetes mellitus rule of 15’s: •15% of pregnant patients will have an abnormal random oral Glucose SCREENING test •15% of pregnant patients w/ a positive random oral Glucose screening test, will have an abnormal fasting 3 hour oral Glucose TOLERANCE test, indicating gestational Diabetes mellitus •15% of patients w/ gestational Diabetes mellitus will require Insulin •15% of patients w/ gestational Diabetes mellitus will develop a macrosomic fetus knowmedicine.net

💪 Understanding PCOD: Empowering Women's Health 💪 Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) is a common hormonal disorder affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by multiple small cysts on the ovaries. It's essential to raise awareness and provide proper guidance for managing this condition effectively. What is PCOD? PCOD involves an imbalance in reproductive hormones, leading to irregular menstrual cycles, excess androgen levels, and enlarged ovaries with numerous small cysts. Symptoms: - Irregular periods - Excessive hair growth (hirsutism) - Acne - Weight gain - Thinning hair - Difficulty getting pregnant Drug of Choice: 💊 **Metformin** Mechanism: Metformin works by improving insulin sensitivity, reducing insulin levels, and lowering androgen levels, helping to regulate menstrual cycles and improve ovulation. Dosage: - Adults: 500 mg twice daily or 850 mg once daily initially, with gradual increases up to 2,000-2,500 mg daily - Children: Not typically prescribed for children with PCOD; consult with a pediatric endocrinologist for appropriate treatment Side Effects: - Gastrointestinal upset (nausea, diarrhea) - Lactic acidosis (rare but serious) - Vitamin B12 deficiency with long-term use Drug Interactions: - Increased risk of lactic acidosis with alcohol - May interact with other medications affecting kidney function - Possible interaction with certain contrast dyes used in imaging studies Contraindications: - Severe kidney disease - Liver disease - Heart failure - Known hypersensitivity to metformin Patient Counseling: - Take metformin with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects - Regularly monitor blood sugar levels if you have diabetes - Maintain a balanced diet and regular exercise to manage PCOD symptoms effectively - Report any unusual symptoms, such as muscle pain, weakness, or difficulty breathing, to your healthcare provider immediately Disclaimer: This information is intended for educational purposes and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for medical conditions and treatments. Together, we can support women's health and well-being! 🌸 #PCOD #WomensHealth #Pharmacist #Healthcare #HormonalHealth #Metformin #PatientCare #HealthAwareness #Endocrinology #Wellness

Paan can outrightly be considered as a South Asian poison and is very difficult to clean as was this patient. It is highly addictive due to Betel Nuts (Arecoline), Tobacco (Nicotine) and in general the habitual behaviour of chewing the substance. Paan consumption, especially with betel nut and tobacco, can lead to severe health issues including: •Oral Cancer: Increased risk due to carcinogens in betel nut and tobacco. •Oral Submucous Fibrosis: Stiffness and restricted mouth opening, raising oral cancer risk. •Dental Issues: Staining, cavities, and gum disease. •Gastrointestinal Problems: Digestive issues like gastritis and ulcers. •Addiction: Dependence due to nicotine and arecoline. •Cardiovascular Issues: Higher risk of hypertension, heart disease, and stroke •Respiratory Problems: Chronic bronchitis and infections. •Reproductive Health: Reduced fertility and pregnancy complications. •Systemic Toxicity: Nausea, dizziness, and palpitations from prolonged use.

CKD can impair the kidneys' ability to convert 25-hydroxyvitamin D to its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol). This can lead to vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency, contributing to secondary hyperparathyroidism, bone disease, and growth retardation in children. Dosing of Vitamin D replacement in CKD in Peadiatrics.

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), the most common form of arthritis in children under 16, can make growing up difficult. But with the right care plan, we can help young patients lead healthy lives. The challenge with JIA is balancing symptom management (joint inflammation, pain, stiffness, and swelling) with promoting healthy growth. In the UK, JIA affects around 1 in 1,000 children*, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and effective treatment plans. Pharmacists play a vital role in ensuring that medications – whether NSAIDs, DMARDs, or biologics – are administered correctly and safely. This involves working closely with paediatricians and rheumatologists to create tailored treatment plans. A significant concern is medication adherence. Studies in the UK show that about 30% of young patients with JIA don’t actually follow their treatment plan properly**, so it is essential that pharmacists educate both the child and their parents and encourage treatment success. #juvenilearthritis #pharmacistsupport #paediatrics #chronicillness #patientadherence *Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) - NRAS (https://buff.ly/4873DMc ) **Arthritis Research UK (https://buff.ly/2yIwlG3 )

I am glad to share our research publications about endothelial dysfunction under different pathological states. 🔆 ❗ Start Read, Share and Citate 1) Zelinka-Khobzey MM, Tarasenko KV, Mamontova TV. ASSESSMENT OF ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH OBESITY AND PREECLAMPSIA. Wiad Lek. 2021;74(8):1905-1909. https://lnkd.in/eJgpCKwq 2) Chekalina NI, Kazakov YM, Mamontova TV, et al. Resveratrol more effectively than quercetin reduces endothelium degeneration and level of necrosis factor α in patients with coronary artery disease. Wiad Lek. 2016;69(3 pt 2):475-479. https://lnkd.in/ebVBxrnB 3) Byelan OV, Mamontova TV, et al. Anti-inflammatory and endothelium protective effect of long-term pioglitazone intake in patients suffering from bronchial asthma concurrent with ischemic heart disease. Wiad Lek. 2017;70(4):712-720. https://lnkd.in/euMtXcN4 #endothelial #dysfunction

PATIENT CARE NOTES DIABETES MELLITUS GUIDE Overview: Diabetes mellitus involves high blood glucose levels with two types: - Type 1: Autoimmune, little to no insulin production. - Type 2: Insulin resistance, often linked to obesity. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy. Symptoms: Includes excessive urination, thirst, weight loss, and infection risk. Diagnosis: Tests: Fasting Plasma Glucose, Oral Glucose Tolerance, Random Blood Glucose, Hemoglobin A1c. Treatment: - Type 1: Insulin therapy. - Type 2: Lifestyle changes and medication. Prevention: Maintain healthy weight, exercise, balanced diet. Prognosis: Manage blood sugar to prevent complications. Consult healthcare professionals for care.

Exciting news in kidney health! 🌟 Semaglutide, the active ingredient in Ozempic, is showing potential beyond Type 2 diabetes treatment by protecting against kidney damage. This could have potential implications for pregnancy complications like preeclampsia, which also involve kidney injury. Key findings from recent studies: • 22% reduction in adverse kidney events among participants with obesity and cardiovascular disease. • Slower decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and decreased urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, indicating kidney protection. The FLOW RCT trial with 3,533 participants with Type 2 diabetes and CKD with weekly injection of semaglutide 1.0mg demonstrated: • 24% reduced risk of severe diabetic kidney disease outcomes. • 18% lower risk of major cardiovascular events and 20% lower risk of death from any cause with semaglutide. Published in the New England Journal of Medicine and presented at the European Renal Association Congress on May 24, 2024, these findings highlight semaglutide’s efficacy in reducing the risk of kidney disease progression and related deaths. Novo Nordisk plans to petition the FDA to update Ozempic’s label to include these benefits. #Ozempic #KidneyHealth #Diabetes #Healthcare #NovoNordisk #CKD

🗓 It’s Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome (FCS) Awareness Day! What is FCS? 👉 FCS affects only about 8 in 1,000,000 people globally. Due to its rarity, it is often misdiagnosed or undiagnosed for many years. 👉 FCS is an ultra rare genetic disorder characterized by the body's inability to break down fats (triglycerides) properly due to a deficiency or malfunction in the enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL) or associated proteins. 👉 Pancreatitis is a symptom of FCS. 👉 People with FCS must adhere to a very low-fat diet (typically less than 10-20 grams of fat per day) to prevent complications. 👉The symptoms of FCS often appear in childhood, and common signs include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. To learn more about FCS, please visit: https://lnkd.in/g5kE7GQ3 Thank you to Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals and Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for partnering on this post. #FightFCS #FCSAwarenessDay #chylomicronemia #ActionFCS #LPLD

Metformin: Metformin is a widely used medication for Type 2 diabetes, belonging to the biguanides class. It lowers blood sugar by reducing glucose production in the liver and improving insulin sensitivity. Metformin is used for: Blood Sugar Control: Helps maintain stable blood sugar levels, reducing risks of complications like cardiovascular disease and neuropathy. Weight Management: Often supports weight stability or modest weight loss, unlike some other diabetes medications. Cardiovascular Protection: May offer heart-related benefits, making it suitable for patients with cardiovascular risks. Medications and Substances to avoid while using Metformin: Contrast Dyes: Iodinated dyes can increase the risk of lactic acidosis; discontinue Metformin before imaging procedures and resume 48 hours later after confirming normal kidney function. Alcohol: Excessive alcohol consumption can enhance the risk of lactic acidosis; limit alcohol intake while on Metformin. Cimetidine (Tagamet): Can increase Metformin levels in the blood, raising side effect risks; consider alternatives or monitor blood sugar and kidney function closely. Diuretics: Thiazide and loop diuretics may reduce Metformin’s effectiveness by increasing blood glucose; monitor blood sugar and adjust diabetes medication if necessary. NSAIDs (e.g., Ibuprofen): These can affect kidney function, increasing lactic acidosis risk; use cautiously and monitor kidney health regularly. Certain Antibiotics (e.g., Rifampin): May alter Metformin’s metabolism and effectiveness; monitor blood glucose levels and adjust dosage if needed. Beta-Blockers: These can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia, complicating diabetes management; be aware of hypoglycemia signs and monitor blood sugar frequently. Important Considerations: Renal Impairment: Use with caution in patients with kidney issues due to increased risk of lactic acidosis. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Consult a healthcare provider about Metformin use during pregnancy and breastfeeding to ensure safety. Regular Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood sugar, kidney function, and overall health is crucial for safe Metformin use. #DawaGuard #Pakistan #PakHealth #PharmaPakistan #HealthcarePakistan #Karachi #صحت #SehatPakistan #دوائی_کی_غلطیاں #HealthForAll #HealthcareInnovation #MedicalInnovation #MedError #Pharmacy #MedSafety