Georgios Zarifis’ Post

Osteodystrophia fibrosa (Nutritional Secondary Hyperparathyroidism) is a metabolic bone disease seen in goats,caused primarily by dietary imbalances, particularly a high phosphorus-to-calcium ratio or calcium deficiency. This condition leads to excessive resorption of calcium from bones, resulting in bone softening, deformities, and lameness. 🔷Etiology and Pathophysiology: Primary Cause: Imbalance in dietary calcium and phosphorus (high phosphorus and low calcium). Secondary Cause: Chronic vitamin D deficiency, which impairs calcium absorption. Pathophysiology: Low dietary calcium or high phosphorus levels trigger parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion (secondary hyperparathyroidism). PTH stimulates calcium resorption from bones to maintain normal blood calcium levels, leading to bone demineralization. This results in fibrous tissue replacement of bone matrix (fibrous osteodystrophy 🔷Clinical Signs: Skeletal Deformities: Swelling of the jaw (“Big Head Disease”), limb bowing, and spinal deformities. Lameness and Stiff Gait Fractures (pathologic) with minimal trauma. Pain and Reluctance to Move Poor Growth or Weight Loss despite normal appetite. Facial and Mandibular Swelling – fibrous tissue deposition. Reduced Milk Production and fertility issues. 🔷Diagnosis: 1. History and Clinical Signs – Dietary analysis (high grain, low roughage diets). 2. Radiography: Bone thinning, fractures, and fibrous tissue deposition. 3. Biochemistry:Low or normal calcium, high phosphorus, and elevated PTH. 4. Necropsy: Thin cortical bone, fibrous marrow replacement, and rubbery bones. 🔷Treatment: Dietary Correction: Increase calcium intake – Provide calcium carbonate or limestone supplements. Reduce phosphorus by limiting grain intake and increasing forage. Optimal Ca:P ratio: 2:1. Vitamin D Supplementation – If deficient. Supportive Care: Analgesics (NSAIDs) for pain management. Fracture management if needed. 🔷Prevention: Balanced Diet: Ensure adequate calcium and phosphorus balance. Forage-Based Diets: High-quality hay or pasture with minimal grain supplementation. Supplementation: Mineral blocks with balanced calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D. Regular Monitoring: Periodic dietary assessment and monitoring of herd health. 🔷Prognosis: Good if diagnosed early and dietary correction is implemented. Advanced cases with severe bone deformities may have a guarded prognosis. #caprine #veterinarymedicine

11 Evidence-based Health Benefits of Blueberries: 1) Nutrient-rich - 150g portion can supply 1/4 of vitamin C and manganese requirements, 1/3 of vitamin K1 needs, and also provide vitamin E and copper 2) Support gut health - antioxidants and fiber in blueberries both support gut health (some of the antioxidants directly affect the microbiome) 3) Antioxidants - blueberries have one of the highest antioxidant contents of all fruits and vegetables 4) Reduce DNA damage - One study showed 20% reduction in free radical activity in otherwise healthy individuals (mean age: 28.5) (PMID: 17602170) 5) Lower risk of heart disease - 150g portion of blueberries every day can reduce risk of cardiovascular disease by 15% (According to a 6 month trial in older people with "metabolic syndrome") (PMID: 23319811). 6) Protect brain function - flavonoids in blueberries activate signaling proteins in the hippocampus. Clinical trials have shown improvements in learning and memory tests in older people consuming blueberry juice for 2 months (PMID: 20047325). 7) Improve memory & attention - 200g of blueberries in a smoothie every morning has shown to improve memory and concentration in the afternoon compared to a placebo 8) control blood sugar - anthocyanins in blueberries can improve insulin sensitivity. consumption of blueberries may block certain digestive enzymes and this can help reduce blood sugar spikes after a meal 9) regulate cholesterol - 50g of blueberry consumption every day has shown to lower oxidized LDL BY 27% (PMID: 20660279). 10) lower blood pressure - consumption has been shown to lower blood pressure by 4-6% over the course of 8 weeks (PMID: 20660279) 11) promote muscle recovery - in one study, a smoothie containing 200g of blueberries significantly increased recovery of peak isometric strength after a muscle-damaging eccentric exercise protocol, compared to placebo (PMID: 22564864).

11 Evidence-based Health Benefits of Blueberries: 1) Nutrient-rich - 150g portion can supply 1/4 of vitamin C and manganese requirements, 1/3 of vitamin K1 needs, and also provide vitamin E and copper 2) Support gut health - antioxidants and fiber in blueberries both support gut health (some of the antioxidants directly affect the microbiome) 3) Antioxidants - blueberries have one of the highest antioxidant contents of all fruits and vegetables 4) Reduce DNA damage - One study showed 20% reduction in free radical activity in otherwise healthy individuals (mean age: 28.5) (PMID: 17602170) 5) Lower risk of heart disease - 150g portion of blueberries every day can reduce risk of cardiovascular disease by 15% (According to a 6 month trial in older people with "metabolic syndrome") (PMID: 23319811). 6) Protect brain function - flavonoids in blueberries activate signaling proteins in the hippocampus. Clinical trials have shown improvements in learning and memory tests in older people consuming blueberry juice for 2 months (PMID: 20047325). 7) Improve memory & attention - 200g of blueberries in a smoothie every morning has shown to improve memory and concentration in the afternoon compared to a placebo 8) control blood sugar - anthocyanins in blueberries can improve insulin sensitivity. consumption of blueberries may block certain digestive enzymes and this can help reduce blood sugar spikes after a meal 9) regulate cholesterol - 50g of blueberry consumption every day has shown to lower oxidized LDL BY 27% (PMID: 20660279). 10) lower blood pressure - consumption has been shown to lower blood pressure by 4-6% over the course of 8 weeks (PMID: 20660279) 11) promote muscle recovery - in one study, a smoothie containing 200g of blueberries significantly increased recovery of peak isometric strength after a muscle-damaging eccentric exercise protocol, compared to placebo (PMID: 22564864).

Drainded or Energezyded? Eating right has many benefits. In my wellness journey, I stopped eating sugars and processed food and exercised more. Today, 45 pounds less, I enjoy a better #brain, less #inflammation, and more #energy! Making that #mindset shift started me on a new journey, and I love the compound effect. Small habits for long-lasting results! 📢 Here are some questions to help you assess your #health #habits and commit to something small but #transforming. 📝 How do you feel about your energy levels and health? Energized or drained. 📝 What is one thing you will start doing to become healthier? Walk for a minute, drink more #water, take the stairs... 🚶♀️ 💃 📝 Who are you bringing along on your journey? Sharing increases #accountability, and it makes it more #enjoyable. 🤼♂️ 📝 How are you measuring your #consistency? I use a 🗓 calendar, and crossing the dates out keeps me going. The healthier you are, the better you will perform at your job, at home, and in relationships... Take care, Jennipher Gonzalez M.D. #md #mbbs #research #crc #img #ecfmg #fmg #doctor #physician #clinicaltrials

I will talk about the importance of protein intake and pulsing your protein intake for eternity. Protein intake is fundamental to high-performance living both now, and as you age. It is critical for your longevity. Here is another reason why this should be a focus for EVERYONE.

Have been teaching patients and coaching clients for 20+ years that protein adequacy is a crucial part of not just muscle, but bone health. Adding to Prof. Stuart Phillips excellent piece and list of items, in addition to calcium and Vitamin D, maintaining a low renal acid load dietary pattern by having healthy intake of whole fruits and vegetables and moderating grains (adds to acid load), as well as care to avoid excess sodium🧂by on average keeping <2000 mg/day. If using Euro labels, which instead of labeling sodium label the full “salt” molecule (ie sodium chloride - which is 40% sodium) on their labels, < 6.0 g/d. Excess salt not only increases bone loss, but also kidney stone formation. And excess is the rule, not the exception. Why? It’s due to ~80% of US sodium intake coming from that added to foods in refinement processing, with refined grains - breads, rolls, pizza dough, crackers, cereals - being #1 source of added sodium in US. Tongue partially in cheek - I’ll remind patients and health coaching clients - “if you want your bones to magically disappear and then reappear in your kidneys, eat a lot of salt”. I respectfully prefer to recommend at least 1000-2000 IU D3 daily as I’ve seen too many in the north miss getting above the minimum 25 hydroxyvitamin D blood level for bone threshold of 20ng/mL (50 nmol/L) without quadruple IU levels of D3 supplementation. Also applies to people who cover with SPF agressively or devout Muslim women who cover most skin most of the time while outdoors. And cannot forget that bone - like muscle - is a “use it or lose it” tissue. Another reason to value the benefits of resistance exercise. Regarding protein sources - plant and animal based - see our Reality Meets Science® #Flex5 food pyramid in the comments section.

11 Evidence-based Health Benefits of Blueberries: 1) Nutrient-rich - 150g portion can supply 1/4 of vitamin C and manganese requirements, 1/3 of vitamin K1 needs, and also provide vitamin E and copper 2) Support gut health - antioxidants and fiber in blueberries both support gut health (some of the antioxidants directly affect the microbiome) 3) Antioxidants - blueberries have one of the highest antioxidant contents of all fruits and vegetables 4) Reduce DNA damage - One study showed 20% reduction in free radical activity in otherwise healthy individuals (mean age: 28.5) (PMID: 17602170) 5) Lower risk of heart disease - 150g portion of blueberries every day can reduce risk of cardiovascular disease by 15% (According to a 6 month trial in older people with "metabolic syndrome") (PMID: 23319811). 6) Protect brain function - flavonoids in blueberries activate signaling proteins in the hippocampus. Clinical trials have shown improvements in learning and memory tests in older people consuming blueberry juice for 2 months (PMID: 20047325). 7) Improve memory & attention - 200g of blueberries in a smoothie every morning has shown to improve memory and concentration in the afternoon compared to a placebo 8) control blood sugar - anthocyanins in blueberries can improve insulin sensitivity. consumption of blueberries may block certain digestive enzymes and this can help reduce blood sugar spikes after a meal 9) regulate cholesterol - 50g of blueberry consumption every day has shown to lower oxidized LDL BY 27% (PMID: 20660279). 10) lower blood pressure - consumption has been shown to lower blood pressure by 4-6% over the course of 8 weeks (PMID: 20660279) 11) promote muscle recovery - in one study, a smoothie containing 200g of blueberries significantly increased recovery of peak isometric strength after a muscle-damaging eccentric exercise protocol, compared to placebo (PMID: 22564864).

11 Evidence-based Health Benefits of Blueberries: 1) Nutrient-rich - 150g portion can supply 1/4 of vitamin C and manganese requirements, 1/3 of vitamin K1 needs, and also provide vitamin E and copper 2) Support gut health - antioxidants and fiber in blueberries both support gut health (some of the antioxidants directly affect the microbiome) 3) Antioxidants - blueberries have one of the highest antioxidant contents of all fruits and vegetables 4) Reduce DNA damage - One study showed 20% reduction in free radical activity in otherwise healthy individuals (mean age: 28.5) (PMID: 17602170) 5) Lower risk of heart disease - 150g portion of blueberries every day can reduce risk of cardiovascular disease by 15% (According to a 6 month trial in older people with "metabolic syndrome") (PMID: 23319811). 6) Protect brain function - flavonoids in blueberries activate signaling proteins in the hippocampus. Clinical trials have shown improvements in learning and memory tests in older people consuming blueberry juice for 2 months (PMID: 20047325). 7) Improve memory & attention - 200g of blueberries in a smoothie every morning has shown to improve memory and concentration in the afternoon compared to a placebo 8) control blood sugar - anthocyanins in blueberries can improve insulin sensitivity. consumption of blueberries may block certain digestive enzymes and this can help reduce blood sugar spikes after a meal 9) regulate cholesterol - 50g of blueberry consumption every day has shown to lower oxidized LDL BY 27% (PMID: 20660279). 10) lower blood pressure - consumption has been shown to lower blood pressure by 4-6% over the course of 8 weeks (PMID: 20660279) 11) promote muscle recovery - in one study, a smoothie containing 200g of blueberries significantly increased recovery of peak isometric strength after a muscle-damaging eccentric exercise protocol, compared to placebo (PMID: 22564864).

11 Evidence-based Health Benefits of Blueberries: 1) Nutrient-rich - 150g portion can supply 1/4 of vitamin C and manganese requirements, 1/3 of vitamin K1 needs, and also provide vitamin E and copper 2) Support gut health - antioxidants and fiber in blueberries both support gut health (some of the antioxidants directly affect the microbiome) 3) Antioxidants - blueberries have one of the highest antioxidant contents of all fruits and vegetables 4) Reduce DNA damage - One study showed 20% reduction in free radical activity in otherwise healthy individuals (mean age: 28.5) (PMID: 17602170) 5) Lower risk of heart disease - 150g portion of blueberries every day can reduce risk of cardiovascular disease by 15% (According to a 6 month trial in older people with "metabolic syndrome") (PMID: 23319811). 6) Protect brain function - flavonoids in blueberries activate signaling proteins in the hippocampus. Clinical trials have shown improvements in learning and memory tests in older people consuming blueberry juice for 2 months (PMID: 20047325). 7) Improve memory & attention - 200g of blueberries in a smoothie every morning has shown to improve memory and concentration in the afternoon compared to a placebo 8) control blood sugar - anthocyanins in blueberries can improve insulin sensitivity. consumption of blueberries may block certain digestive enzymes and this can help reduce blood sugar spikes after a meal 9) regulate cholesterol - 50g of blueberry consumption every day has shown to lower oxidized LDL BY 27% (PMID: 20660279). 10) lower blood pressure - consumption has been shown to lower blood pressure by 4-6% over the course of 8 weeks (PMID: 20660279) 11) promote muscle recovery - in one study, a smoothie containing 200g of blueberries significantly increased recovery of peak isometric strength after a muscle-damaging eccentric exercise protocol, compared to placebo (PMID: 22564864).

Dietary Protein for Bone Health The role of dietary protein in maintaining bone health has garnered significant attention, especially concerning its effects on women and older adults. News flash: bone is ~40% by composition protein! Adequate protein intake is crucial for bone maintenance and prevention of osteoporosis. It was once thought that higher protein intakes were bad for bone, but that hypothesis is firmly dead (https://lnkd.in/gzAkihe2) Dietary Protein and Bone Health in Women For women, especially postmenopausal women, studies have shown that higher protein consumption is associated with increased bone mineral density (BMD) and reduced risk of fractures. Beasley et al. (1) found that biomarker-calibrated protein intake positively correlated with bone health in women. Similarly, the Framingham Osteoporosis Study highlighted that higher protein intake was linked to slower rates of bone loss in older women (3). Protein supplements could help increase serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels and attenuate bone loss in women with recent hip fractures (5). Dietary Protein and Bone Health in Men Protein intake also plays a significant role in bone health in men. Cauley et al. emphasized that dietary protein could help mitigate the risk factors for hip fractures in older men (2). Additionally, the Rancho Bernardo Study reported that higher protein consumption was beneficial for bone mineral density among older men (4). In addition to making sure you're dialled in on calcium (1000-1200mg) and vitamin D (400-1200 IU/d) (6), maintaining an adequate intake of dietary protein is vital for bone health across different demographics. This is particularly important for women and older adults who are at a higher risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Ensuring sufficient protein intake can help preserve bone density, reduce fracture risk, and enhance overall skeletal health. References: 1) Beasley JM, et al. Am J Clin Nutr 2014;99(4):934–40 2) Cauley JA, et al. J Bone Miner Res 2016;31(10):1810–9 3) Hannan MT, et al. J Bone Miner Res 2000;15(12):2504–12 4) Sahni S, et al. Public Health Nutr 2014;17:2570–76 5) Schurch et al. Ann Intern Med 1998; 128(10):801-9 6) https://lnkd.in/gEAQQmHC