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Miniaturized LC Optimized Using HPLC-Based System High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a chromatography-based technique for separating, identifying, and quantifying components in a mixture. Transitioning from conventional liquid chromatography (LC) to miniaturized scales (capillary/nano-LC) offers not only analytical and methodological benefits, but also significant advantages in environmental, toxicological (related to analysts' health), and cost. Link: https://lnkd.in/eX93U-aF

A viscometer great for the analysis of drug and biological samples.   The viscosity of chemical and biological samples is important to know in several research, clinical, and QA scenarios. Professionals working in life sciences, medicine, and pharmaceuticals will be elated to know there is a viscometer capable of measuring low-viscosity samples, handling very small volumes, exerting minimal shear stress, maintaining sterility and gas atmosphere, and much more!   KEM’s EMS-1000S measures viscosity by quantifying the rotational dynamics of a sample-immersed spherical probe spun using Lorentz forces. The instrument has a wide measurement range of 0.1 to 1,000,000 mPa·s (cP), measuring with high accuracy and repeatability even at super-low viscosities. It provides convenient measurement modes for determining the concentration, temperature and shear rate dependence of viscosity. The instrument’s heating/cooling system quickly and stably controls sample temperature to between 0 and 200°C.   The EMS-1000S-compatible sample tubes (and probes) can be autoclaved to prevent biological contamination, handy for sample reuse. Tubes can be hermetically sealed to maintain a certain gaseous atmosphere such as nitrogen-saturated, anaerobic, etc. Samples down to 90μL in volume can be measured, great for scarce and expensive samples. Contact-free measurement means no clean-up, making it safer and improving operational efficiency. The EMS-1000S is extremely user-friendly, just insert the tube, close the lid, and press start! KEM's EMS-related videos (YouTube) https://lnkd.in/g4mDqvqc EMS-1000S Product Page: https://lnkd.in/ggk7SD6X Contact us for a quote: https://lnkd.in/gs25sWx8 EMS-1000S Dedicated Website https://lnkd.in/gy3Cc_Px #medicine #research #biotechnology #novel #technology #viscometry #KEM

ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) ICP-OES is a powerful analytical technique used for the detection and quantification of elements in a sample. It involves exciting atoms and ions in a high-temperature plasma, causing them to emit light at characteristic wavelengths. By analyzing the intensity of this emitted light, the concentrations of elements in the sample can be determined. ICP-OES is particularly suited for multi-element analysis and is ideal for samples with moderate to high concentrations of elements.... ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) ICP-MS is a highly sensitive technique for elemental and isotopic analysis. It uses a plasma source to ionize the sample, followed by a mass spectrometer to separate and detect ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio. ICP-MS is widely regarded for its ability to detect trace and ultra-trace elements with extremely low detection limits, making it ideal for applications such as environmental monitoring, food safety, and pharmaceutical analysis. Key Differences.. Sensitivity: ICP-MS is more sensitive and better for trace-level detection, whereas ICP-OES is suited for higher concentrations. Speed: ICP-OES generally offers faster analysis for multi-element determinations.. Sensitivity: ICP-MS is more sensitive and better for trace-level detection, whereas ICP-OES is suited for higher concentrations.. Speed: ICP-OES generally offers faster analysis for multi-element determinations. Cost: ICP-OES systems are typically more affordable than ICP-MS systems. Both techniques play critical roles in analytical chemistry and are indispensable tools in industries such as environmental science, manufacturing, and healthcare.

🔬 Enhancing Analytical Precision with Derivatization Reagents! Derivatization reagents are crucial in analytical chemistry for modifying compounds to enhance their detectability and analysis. These reagents are widely used in chromatography and mass spectrometry to achieve precise and accurate results. Explore how derivatization reagents are advancing chemical analysis, driving innovations, and improving sensitivity in research and industry applications. 🌟🧪 #Derivatization #AnalyticalChemistry #Chromatography #MassSpectrometry #ChemicalAnalysis Aladdin Scientific: https://lnkd.in/g5WShTUq

Selecting the appropriate detection wavelength in an HPLC method is crucial for accurate and sensitive analysis. Let's delve into the considerations for wavelength selection: 1. UV Detection in HPLC: - UV detection is commonly used in HPLC due to the ability of organic molecules to absorb electromagnetic radiation in the form of photons of UV and visible light. - The typical wavelength range for UV detection in HPLC is 200 – 400 nm, covering both UV and the lower part of the visible spectrum. 2. Factors to Consider: - Analyte Absorption: Understand the absorption characteristics of your analyte(s). Some compounds have specific absorption maxima, which guide wavelength selection. - Chromophores: Look for functional groups (chromophores) that absorb UV light. Common chromophores include conjugated double bonds, aromatic rings, and carbonyl groups. - Sample Solvent: Consider the solvent used in the mobile phase. Solvents with strong UV absorption may interfere with detection. - Specificity: Choose a wavelength where the analyte absorbs significantly, but other components (e.g., impurities) do not. - Baseline Noise: Avoid wavelengths where baseline noise is high. 3. Reference Wavelength: - Select the sample wavelength** near the apex of the peak (where the analyte elutes). - Choose a wavelength band with the width of the sample bandwidth (BW). - For the reference wavelength, select a place in the spectra where your sample has zero absorbance or minimal absorbance. - Use a wavelength band with the width of the reference bandwidth (BW). Remember that optimizing the detection wavelength ensures accurate quantification and reliable results in HPLC analysis.

#Identification_by_Infrared_Spectroscopy: Identification by Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy is a commonly used analytical technique in the pharmaceutical industry to confirm the identity of a substance often a API or an excipient. 👉 Principle, IR spectroscopy involves passing infrared light through a sample, The sample absorbs specific wavelengths of light, causing molecular vibrations, The resulting absorption/ transmission spectrum is characteristic of the molecular structure of the compound. 👉 Preparation; Sample Preparation: The sample can be prepared in various forms, such as a solid, liquid, or gas, Common methods include using a potassium bromide (KB3r) pellet for solids or a liquid cell for liquids, Background Spectrum; Before running the sample, a background spectrum is recorded to correct for any environmental absorption. 👉 Measurement: The IR spectrum is typically recorded over a range of waveleng ths (usually from 4000 cm-1 to 650 cm-i). The resulting spectrum displays peaks corresponding to the vibrational frequencies of the bonds in the molecule. 👉 Interpretation Matching Spectra: The spectrum of the sample is compared against a reference spectrum of the pure compound, A match confirms the identity of the substance. Characteristic Peaks: Specific peaks in the IR spectrum correspond to particular functional groups (e.g., 0-H, N-H, C=0) and can be used to verify the presence of these groups in the compound. 👉 Applications: Raw Material Identification, Ensuring the correct raw materials are used in production, Quality Control: Verifying the identity of the final product.

Dear Linkeners, Ion Chromatography ? Ion chromatography can be used for both cations and anions. However, it is in the analysis of non-metal ions that the technique has proved most useful mainly because there are no real alternatives for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of these important species in waters or synthetic solutions. Ion chromatography is used to analyse aqueous samples containing ppm quantities of common anions (such as fluoride, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, and sulphate). Ion chromatography is a form of liquid chromatography that uses ion-exchange resins to separate atomic or molecular ions based on their interaction with the resin. Its greatest utility is for the analysis of anions for which there are no other rapid analytical methods. For anion chromatography the mobile phase is a dilute aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate prepared with pure water. The ion-exchange column is tightly packed with the stationary adsorbent. This adsorbent is usually composed of tiny polymer beads that have positively charged centres. These become coated with bicarbonate and carbonate anions if no sample is passing through the column. As anions in the sample enter the column, they are attracted to the positive centres on the polymer surface and may replace (exchange with) the bicarbonate and carbonate ions stuck to the surface. Usually, the greater the charge on the anion the more strongly it is attracted to the surface of the polymer bead. Also, larger anions generally move more slowly through the column than smaller anions. The result is that the sample separates into bands of different kinds of ion as it travels through the column. The detector, usually a conductivity cell, measures the conductance of the solution passing through it. The conductance is proportional to the concentration of ions dissolved in the solution. It is essential to pass the sample–mobile-phase mixture through a suppresser column – another ion-exchange column – to remove the bicarbonate and carbonate ions and avoid the sample signal being masked before entering the detector. Anions can be qualitatively identified by analysing standards and standard mixtures. Best Regards, Roy Roharta

How Does Syringe Filter Pore Size Affect Sample Purity? In the world of analytical chemistry, ensuring sample purity is paramount for obtaining accurate and reliable results. One critical factor that influences sample purity is the pore size of syringe filters. Understanding how pore size affects filtration can help researchers make informed choices and optimize their workflows. Understanding Pore Size Syringe filters come in various pore sizes, typically ranging from 0.1 μm to 5.0 μm. The choice of pore size directly impacts the filter’s ability to retain particulates and contaminants while allowing the desired analytes to pass through. 0.22 μm Filters: Commonly used for sterilization, these filters effectively remove bacteria and larger particles, making them ideal for biological samples. 0.45 μm Filters: Suitable for general filtration, they are often employed in HPLC sample preparation to eliminate larger particulates without significantly affecting analyte concentration. Impact on Sample Purity Using the appropriate pore size is crucial for maintaining sample integrity: Smaller Pore Sizes: While they provide higher retention of contaminants, smaller pores can also slow down filtration rates and increase the risk of clogging, especially with viscous samples. This can lead to incomplete filtration and potential sample loss. Larger Pore Sizes: While they allow for faster filtration, larger pores may not effectively remove all contaminants, risking the introduction of impurities into your analysis. This could compromise data quality and lead to inaccurate results. Best Practices To ensure optimal sample purity: Pre-filter: Consider using a larger pore size filter (e.g., 0.8 μm) as a pre-filter to remove large particulates before using a smaller pore size filter for final purification. Monitor Filtration Conditions: Always assess the viscosity and particulate load of your samples to select the most appropriate filter.

What voltage to choose \| Gel electrophoresis To separate samples by electrophoresis, an electrical field is applied so that negatively charged nucleic acids migrate toward the positive electrode. Hence, electrical parameters governing electrophoresis can impact sample migration and resolution of its constituent fragments \[7,8\]. The following equations, derived from Ohm s Law, may be used to express how voltage \(V\), current \(I\), and power \(P\) can influence electrophoresis results. Voltage = current x resistance, or V = I x R Power = current x voltage, or P = I x V Power can be expressed as P = I2 x R, since V = I x R. The resistance \(R\) during a gel run is intrinsic to the system. For example, buffer \(conductivity and buffering capacity\), temperature, gel properties \(percentage, height, length, number, cross section\), etc., of the system all affect the resistance. In a conductive medium, the resistance decreases when the temperature increases, since higher temperatures allow more current flow. Over the course of a gel run, however, the resistance may vary. Another important contributing factor in electrophoresis is heat. Heat generated is directly proportional to the power consumed by the system and is dependent upon buffer conductivity, applied voltage, and resistance. The higher the conductivity of a buffer \(especially when composed of small ions\), the more the current flows. Current flow is also enhanced by high voltage and low resistance. The rise in overall current flow increases power and heat generated by the system. Youtube video: https://lnkd.in/dTBhjTyD \#nikolays_genetics_lessons

When I meet someone, and try to explain what type of analysis Organomation evaporators prepare samples for, the words I use typically do not mean much. Recently, I was asked if the equipment was used more for gas chromatography or liquid chromatography - this person clearly knew their #chemistry! In the blog "Chromatography and Spectrometry - The Perfect Combination," we explore how these two powerful analytical techniques complement each other to enhance the analysis of complex mixtures. #Chromatography separates mixture components, while #spectrometry identifies and quantifies them, offering high sensitivity and specificity. This combination is essential in various fields such as pharmaceuticals, environmental science, and forensics. The article highlights popular configurations like LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS, emphasizing their applications and advantages. For a deeper dive into these techniques and their applications, read the full article here - https://lnkd.in/eTMPUan5