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Chemical Engineering Graduate, if you are start working at any process plant and you want to familiarise with the unit you need to take care, start find documents below; 1. Process Design Basis - info - you need to find this document when you enter specific plant - this document describe about design unit capacity at excess design, full load & turndown (minimum), design feed, design product spec, type of cases considered 2. Process Flow Diagram (PFD) and Heat & Material Balance (HMB) - showing major process flow of the unit and what is the parameters and component for each stream 3. Piping & Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) including the legends 4. Operation, Inspection and Maintenance (OIM) - a document describe on the unit function, how to perform startup, shutdown and what to do during emergency, main process control description, the required maintenance in the unit. 5. Process Control Narrative - description of process control scheme available in the unit and their calculation block 6. Safeguarding Narrative and Cause & Effect Matrix (C&E) - knowing the type of safeguarding available in the unit and how it work if triggered. You may need to have Instrument Protective Function (IPF) to refer how SIL was rated 7. HAZOP/PHA - to understand what risk of the unit and available safeguard 8. Alarm setpoint and COPSOL - Ready to know what alarm available and which alarm are critical. You may need to have Alarm Rationalisation sheet for understanding. 9. Integrity Operating Window (IOW) - The allowable range to operate to ensure corrorion rate is within the target. Credict to Ts. Khusairi Kamarudin for the input. I will be glad if somebody share this to me during earlier time in my career. What other document you think shall be refer when you entering a new plant? Pucture credict to Corso System

Question for Process Engineers: Trainee process engineer was asked to perform line sizing of cooling water line with Normal flowrate of 100 m3/hr. He referred process design basis which asked to consider 120% design margin on flowrate and Maximum allowable velocity of 2 m/s. Accordingly, he performed hydraulics for 120 m3/hr and came up with line size of 6" with 1.8 m/s velocity. He knew that he calculated line size for design flow of 120 m3/hr and for this condition, there is a "𝐅𝐔𝐋𝐋 𝐏𝐈𝐏𝐄 𝐅𝐋𝐎𝐖". Question from him:- 1) Will there be a "𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐀𝐋𝐋𝐘 𝐅𝐈𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐃 𝐏𝐈𝐏𝐄 𝐅𝐋𝐎𝐖" (~80% filled pipe) for normal flow condition? 2) If it is "𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐈𝐀𝐋𝐋𝐘 𝐅𝐈𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐃 𝐏𝐈𝐏𝐄 𝐅𝐋𝐎𝐖" for normal operation, how does it affect velocity and pressure drop inside pipe? #processengineering #oilandgas #chemicalengineering #fluidmechanics

Aashish Bandekar Absolutely, great question! It's fantastic to see a trainee process engineer actively thinking about these design considerations. To answer the trainee's questions: Partially Filled Pipe Flow: Yes, there will likely be partially filled pipe flow at the normal operating flow rate of 100 m3/hr. The pipe was sized to handle the maximum design flow of 120 m3/hr, so at 80% of that, the pipe won't be completely full. Carl Branan has a nice equation to do a quick check in "Rules of Thumb for Chemical Engineers" Effects on Velocity and Pressure Drop: Velocity: The velocity at the normal flow rate will be lower than the 1.8 m/s calculated for the design flow. This is because the same volume of water is flowing through a larger effective cross-sectional area in a partially filled pipe. Pressure Drop: The pressure drop in a partially filled pipe can be more complex than in a full pipe. It's generally higher due to increased friction caused by the gas/liquid interface. The exact pressure drop depends on the flow regime (stratified, slug, or annular), which in turn is influenced by factors like pipe slope, fluid properties, and flow rate. For the experienced process engineers out there, what are some practical methods or tools to estimate the pressure drop in partially filled pipes, especially considering the potential for different flow regimes?

Self-Reflection: Bridging Experience and Education in Engineering In this reflection, I explore the challenges I face in the engineering field due to not having a BTech engineering degree, despite nearly 30 years of relevant experience. While I acknowledge the importance of formal education, I believe that my extensive hands-on experience in various industries—including petrochemical, pulp and paper, and Electrical and Instrumentation (E&I) construction—has equipped me with invaluable skills that often surpass what is learned in a classroom. My background in E&I construction has given me a deep understanding of the intricacies involved in project execution, particularly in ensuring that systems are integrated effectively and safely. However, the reality remains that the lack of a degree can sometimes overshadow my capabilities. Once labeled as "without a degree," it can be difficult to demonstrate my full potential as a problem solver in the marketplace. If the opportunity arises to pursue that degree, I would embrace it wholeheartedly, as I believe it could further empower me to showcase my skills and contributions. Ultimately, I am committed to continuous learning and growth, striving to demonstrate that experience and expertise can be just as powerful as formal qualifications in shaping successful engineering outcomes.

What do "Chemical Engineers" do? Can you give an answer with ease , without thinking a bit? So well, let’s talk a bit So here's what we Chemical Engineers do, Chemical engineers either work in Design, Production. Design: It involves sizing of Process Equipment, Turbomachinery, laying out Piping, and Instrumentation Diagrams, etc. In layman’s words, all the Distillation Columns, Heat Exchangers, Separators, Pipelines, etc that you will see during your internships or field excursions are designed (sized) by a chemical engineer through some simulation applications like Aspen Hysis . Production: Once these designed equipment are clubbed together in the right way, it becomes an 'Industry' made to process a particular type of raw material and produce a product with certain quality parameters. For example Refined Petroleum Products,Fertilizers,Petrochemicals, Polymers, and Plastics. A chemical engineer also called a Production/Process plant engineer is responsible for the smooth running of all the process equipment involved to produce a desired product and ensuring the quality is desirable. A simple example can be that of distillation, keeping the right flow rate, temperature profile, pressure, reflux ratio, reboiling, and condensing duty to get the right quality of top, bottom, and side products and those are the tasks of a process engineer. These are usually operated remotely with control Valves through (Human Machine Interfaces) which is like a remote control on a screen. Simply put, we open the right valves at the right times! So my word out there to a chemical engineer in the making, I hope you now have a clear idea of what your course looks like ☺️ #chemicalengineer #petrochemicalengineering #processengineering

50 topics that will help prepare you for working in an oil refinery Target Audience: Future Interns, New Operators, Junior Process Engineers,etc This list is a starting point. It exists to help those who aren't sure what to search for to start learning about oil refineries. I had also avoided general subjects that you will learn about during the undergraduation like "fluid dynamics" or "heat transfer". 1) Pumps: Centrifugal, Positive Displacement (PD) 2) Compressors: Centrifugal, Reciprocating 3) Gate Valve (Purpose of stem nut in a gate valve) 4) Globe Valve, Ball Valve, Butterfly Valve, Pneumatic operated Control Valve 5) PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) 6) Steam Generation from fired boilers 7) Deaerators and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) 8) Control Valves: Actuator, Positioner, I/P Transducer 9) Governor (for steam turbines) 10) Fail Open, Fail Close, Fail Last 11) Crude Oil 12) Electrical Relays and Switches 13) Inboard vs Outboard (pump/motor terminology) 14) Amine Gas Sweetening 15) Caustic Scrubbing of Fuel Gas 16) Refinery Vapor Recovery Systems 17) Flares: Molecular Seal, Velocity Seal 18) Compressor Rider Bands 19) Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Hastelloy, Monel 20) Pumps: Direct-Drive vs Indirect Drive 21) Valve Manufacturing: Casting vs Forging 22) Gasoline and Diesel Distillation Curves (Cut Points) 23) Pumps: Mechanical Seals, Carbon Rings 24) PSV Sizing 25) PAUT (Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing) 26) TRS (Total Reduced Sulfur) 27) Control Valve Bypass (Why does it exist?) 28) Fired Heaters: Excess O2 and Draft 29) Gasoil 30) Hydrotreater 31) Spiral Wound Gaskets 32) Reboilers: Thermosiphon, Kettle-Type 33) Steam and Condensate Recovery Systems 34) Steam Traps 35) Sulfur Recovery 36) Gearbox (btw/ fixed-speed motor and pump/fan/compressor) 37) Recip Compressor: Unloading Pockets, Valve Disablers 38) Radial Bearing and Thrust Bearing 39) Motor Ground Fault (what does this mean?) 40) Flow Measurement: Orifice, Pitot, Ultrasonic, Coriolis, Rotometer 41) NHV Measurement: GC, Calorimetry 42) PUVF (Pulsed UV Fluorescence) 43) Alkylation (HF and Sulfuric) 44) FCC (Fluidized Catalytic Cracking) 45) Delayed Coking Process 46) Steam Ejectors 47) Flame Scanners 48) E2T Temperature Measurement 49) Knockout Drums 50) Instrument Air (Target Dewpoint, Drying Process) This list has no order. I think it's appropriate considering you never know what problems will pop up each day to demand your attention. Happy Googling! There are many thousands of other topics, and I encourage you to add more in the comments.

Great opportunity for Mechanical Engineer in PARCO . Don't Miss 1. #MechanicalEngineering 2. #PARCOJobs 3. #OilRefineryJobs 4. #EngineeringCareers 5. #MechanicalEngineer 6. #RefineryMaintenance 7. #EngineeringOpportunities 8. #MechanicalDesign 9. #OilAndGas 10. #EngineeringJobs 11. #MechanicalProjects 12. #EngineeringLife 13. #IndustrialEngineering 14. #MaintenanceEngineering 15. #RefineryEngineering 16. #PARCOCareer 17. #MechanicalTechnician 18. #EngineeringInnovation 19. #ProcessEngineering 20. #MechanicalEngineeringJobs 21. #OilIndustry 22. #RefineryOperations 23. #EngineeringSolutions 24. #TechnicalJobs 25. #MechanicalSystems 26. #IndustrialMaintenance 27. #EngineeringProfessionals 28. #EngineeringExcellence 29. #OilAndGasJobs 30. #MechanicalDesignEngineer 31. #MaintenanceTechnician 32. #RefineryTechnician 33. #MechanicalComponents 34. #PARCOEngineer 35. #OilRefinery 36. #MechanicalEngineeringLife 37. #EngineeringWorld 38. #MechanicalCareer 39. #IndustrialTechnician 40. #MechanicalIndustry 41. #EngineeringDevelopment 42. #MechanicalEquipment 43. #TechnicalEngineering 44. #RefineryWork 45. #MechanicalSolutions 46. #EngineeringTechnician 47. #MechanicalSkills 48. #OilAndGasEngineering 49. #MechanicalEngineeringCareers 50. #EngineeringFuture

[WRITING 101] "Building My Engineering Foundation: A Junior's Perspective" This is my first time posting on LinkedIn, and I'm excited to share my journey in mechanical and piping engineering. I plan to provide updates on my learning experiences and share useful insights that could benefit others in the field. This information may not applicable for all cases. If you have more knowledge or expertise, I welcome your corrections and suggestions. Let's learn and grow together! What is a plant? A plant, in an industrial context, refers to a facility where industrial processes take place. These processes can include manufacturing, chemical processing, refining, power generation, and more. Plants are designed to transform raw materials into finished products or energy. Here is some type of plant. 1. Manufacturing Plant: Where raw materials are converted into finished products through various processes such as assembly, machining, or fabrication. 2. Chemical Plant: Where chemicals are produced or processed. This includes the synthesis of new chemical compounds and the purification of chemicals. 3. Refinery: A facility where crude oil is processed and refined into useful petroleum products like gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. 4. Power Plant: A facility that generates electricity using various energy sources such as coal, natural gas, nuclear, wind, or solar power. 5. Food Processing Plant: Where raw food materials are processed and packaged into finished food products. 6. Pharmaceutical Plant: Where medications and pharmaceutical products are manufactured and packaged. 7. Water Treatment Plant: A facility where water is treated to make it safe for drinking or to purify wastewater before releasing it back into the environment. 8. Steel Plant: Where iron ore is processed and converted into steel, which is then further processed into various steel products. 9. Cement Plant: A facility where limestone and other materials are processed and converted into cement. 10. Automobile Plant: Where vehicles are assembled from various parts and components. 11. Paper Mill: A facility where raw wood or recycled paper is processed into paper products. 12. Biotechnology Plant: Where biotechnological processes are used to produce products such as biofuels, bioplastics, and biopharmaceuticals. Etc. [To be continue....]