Mina Yu’s Post

#Debris management is an important consideration when drilling, completing, and producing a well. This debris is generated from several sources, including formation cuttings, mud solids, milling, shoe track drill outs, cementing, gun debris, and ferrous residuals from casing wear. #Wellbore cleanout (#WBCO) is a combination of chemical, hydraulic, and mechanical processes. Basic mechanical cleanout tools such as string magnets, baskets, and casing scrapers. As the cost and complexity of wells increased, our industry recognized the need for a more engineered approach to debris management utilizing a combination of tools to introduce solids to the fluid stream reduce particle size improves annular velocity capture debris validate wellbore cleanliness #Selecting the best tools for the job, placing them where they will be most effective, and then generating a procedure based on solid “Best Practices” comprise the elements of successful debris management. Listed below are six common operations that require mechanical intervention: 1-#Milling Milling operations may be performed for a variety of reasons, including: A-Washing over a packer B-Cutting a casing section window B-Burning over a fish D-Milling up junk. 2-Shoe track drill-out The shoe track is drilled out for a variety of reasons during drilling and completion operations. Cleaning/smoothing off these areas is very important to ensure that subsequent BHAs can pass through unimpeded. In most cases, particle size reduction will improve hole-cleaning efficiencies and more easily allow them to be circulated out of the hole. 3-Fluid displacement The shoe track is drilled out for a variety of reasons during drilling and completion operations. Cleaning/smoothing off these areas is very important to ensure that subsequent BHAs can pass through unimpeded. The selection and placement of these tools can significantly reduce the particle sizes of cuttings and can be very effective in managing the debris. In most cases, particle size reduction will improve hole-cleaning efficiencies and more easily allow them to be circulated out of the hole 4-Perforating BHA for post-perforation cleanout consists of a bit, burr mill, high-capacity string magnets, and a validation tool. The burr mill is often a string mill dressed to the casing drift. A better alternative is a spring-loaded mill with direct (360°) contact and engineered specifically for the purpose. 5-Packer plug retrieval Managing debris while retrieving a packer plug can be a challenging task as solids may have aggregated on top of plugs for days, months, or even years. Retrieval of the packer plug requires very specific clean-out tools 6-BOP jetting Keeping the blow-out preventer stack free of debris is a maintenance operation fully embraced by companies utilizing sub-sea stacks. Source :- -ADDE -Pteropidia -With Edit Of Writer

Miller welding machines Reliable access to machinery is essential to ensure operational efficiency, worker safety and project quality for industries in the energy, mining, metallurgy and construction sectors, to name a few. These industries rely heavily on specialized equipment, such as Miller welding machines, which stand out for their optimum performance, cutting-edge technology and durability. Thanks to their range of customization, Miller welding machines can be considered versatile machines, compatible with various welding processes such as MIG and TIG, which are important for carrying out high-quality work in various industrial applications. In addition to these properties, Miller welding machines have automated safety measures. This means that once welding is complete, the system triggers cooling protocols to prevent the equipment from overheating. The above guarantees a long service life for the machine. https://hubs.ly/Q02Zk0SK0

Balancing the viscosity of drilling fluids for effective cutting transport while minimizing frictional losses and equipment wear involves optimizing several interdependent factors. Here are strategies to achieve this balance: 1. Choose an Appropriate Base Fluid Select a base fluid (e.g., water-based, oil-based, or synthetic) that suits the well's operating conditions and geology. Consider the temperature and pressure conditions of the well, as viscosity changes with these parameters. 2. Optimize Viscosity Maintain Shear-Thinning Properties: Use non-Newtonian fluids (e.g., polymer-based fluids) that exhibit low viscosity at high shear rates (near the drill bit) and high viscosity at low shear rates (to suspend cuttings during transport). Temperature Compensation: Use additives to ensure viscosity remains stable under high-temperature conditions. 3. Adjust Rheological Properties Target appropriate yield points and gel strengths to enhance cutting suspension without causing excessive friction. Monitor and control the fluid’s flow curve (plastic viscosity and yield stress) to balance transport efficiency and pressure drop. 4. Use Additives for Fine-Tuning Viscosifiers: Add materials like bentonite, xanthan gum, or synthetic polymers to increase low-end rheology and improve cutting suspension. Lubricants: Incorporate lubricants (e.g., ester-based or graphite-based) to reduce friction between the drill pipe and the borehole wall. 5. Minimize Solids Content Maintain low levels of drilled solids in the fluid to prevent excessive viscosity and wear. Solids control equipment like shale shakers and hydrocyclones can help. Ensure proper particle size distribution in the drilling fluid to avoid clogging and reduce wear on equipment. 6. Monitor and Adjust Flow Rate Increase flow rate within allowable limits to enhance cutting transport without inducing erosion or wear on the borehole and equipment. Use flow modeling software to predict the impact of changes in fluid velocity on cutting transport and pressure drop. 7. Consider Borehole Geometry Account for hole inclination and diameter, as these influence the cutting transport efficiency and required fluid properties. In horizontal or highly deviated wells, maintain higher low-shear-rate viscosity to keep cuttings suspended. 8. Continuous Monitoring and Optimization Regularly monitor fluid properties (e.g., viscosity, density, and gel strength) using field tests like the Marsh funnel or rheometers. Adjust properties dynamically based on real-time data from downhole conditions and cutting returns. 9. Prevent Excessive Equipment Wear Ensure the fluid contains corrosion inhibitors to protect metal components. Use wear-resistant materials for equipment components that come in contact with the drilling fluid.

May Conveyor: Elevating Efficiency with Metal Fabrication in Conveyor Systems Metal fabrication stands as the backbone of modern manufacturing, transforming raw metal into intricate components vital for various industries. As highlighted in "Metal Fabrication And Conveyor Systems" on LinkedIn, this process demands expertise and cutting-edge machinery, two qualities synonymous with trusted engineering firms. Material handling, a cornerstone of manufacturing across sectors like steel, mining, cement, and construction, heavily relies on metal fabrication. This synergy is most evident in the production of material handling equipment, where conveyor systems reign supreme. Read more: https://lnkd.in/ePF-bUUp

The mechanical supervisor at First Quantum’s Kansanshi copper-gold mine was chasing the unicorn of slurry piping – “piping with longer life, easier installation, and easier removal.” 🦄 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ He was frustrated that the ceramic-lined steel pipes on their high-wear slurry lines were holing out and failing every six to nine months. The process to remove and replace the DN600 pipes was arduous due to the size and location of the line. Each time they failed, the downtime cost hundreds of thousands of dollars in lost production. There’s no ‘give’ with ceramic-lined steel pipe. There’s no tolerance for incorrect measurements. If there’s any misalignment during installation or in the tile liner, the slurry works its way under the tiles and holes out the steel substrate. That’s why we recommended an option with more flexibility. Mining hose can better absorb and dissipate impact from high-velocity particles. It also has greater tolerance for twisting, stretching, and bending into place to correct misalignment. The supervisor decided to trial one side of the feed with our Australian-made Slurryflex CLX mining hose against the lined steel pipe. The results could not have been clearer. Within months, the ceramic-lined piping had holed out and failed, while the Slurryflex CLX is still in place after two years. That’s more than 5x the wear life. It’s a big win for the supervisor and his team. He’s reduced costly downtime and put an end to constant bandaging and leaking pipes. #mining #reliability #piping

Hastelloy C276 plate application Hastelloy C276 plate is a high-performance nickel-based alloy material, known for its excellent corrosion resistance and high-temperature stability. This material is composed mainly of elements such as nickel, molybdenum, chromium, iron, and tungsten, with specific chemical components including nickel (Ni) about 57%, molybdenum (Mo) 15-17%, chromium (Cr) 14.5-16.5%, iron (Fe) 4-7%, tungsten (W) 3-4.5%, and other trace elements. The application fields of Hastelloy C276 plate are very extensive, mainly including: 1. Chemical and petrochemical industries: Commonly used for manufacturing components in contact with chlorinated organic substances and catalytic systems, as well as equipment and components in corrosive environments of high-temperature, impurity-containing inorganic and organic acids. 2. Environmental protection field: In flue gas desulfurization systems, it is used to manufacture key parts such as discharge pipes to cope with complex corrosive environments containing sulfuric acid and chlorides. 3. Papermaking industry: Used for manufacturing equipment such as cooking and bleaching vessels to cope with high-temperature, high-concentration chloride corrosion environments. 4. Marine and offshore engineering: Due to its good corrosion resistance to seawater, it is widely used in the field of marine and offshore engineering, such as manufacturing seawater desalination equipment, offshore platforms, etc. In addition, Hastelloy C276 plate also has good processing performance and can be processed through forging, hot rolling, cold drawing, welding and other processes. In terms of heat treatment, C276 needs to be solution treated to improve its uniformity and toughness, usually by heating the material to a certain temperature and holding it for a period of time, then cooling it properly. After welding, annealing treatment is also needed to eliminate stress and precipitates. The physical properties of Hastelloy C276 plate are also excellent, with high strength and good plasticity, a density of 8.9g/cm³, and a melting point of 1325-1370℃. In terms of mechanical properties, the tensile strength is about 690 MPa, the yield strength is about 283 MPa, and the elongation is about 40%. In summary, due to its unique corrosion resistance and high-temperature stability, Hastelloy C276 plate plays an important role in various industries and is an indispensable material in many fields. With the development of science and technology and the continuous expansion of application fields, the application prospects of Hastelloy C276 will be even broader.

WHY A RELIABLE GENERAL USE LUBRICANT IS SO VALUABLE While specialist lubricants can work wonders for a particular component in a specific type of equipment, a general use lubricant can be used in multiple processes and is one of the most important additions to a technical maintenance team’s toolkit. Read More : https://lnkd.in/dhK3sm7N Lubrication Engineers #equipment #maintenance #toolkit #technical #EngineeringAndMiningAfrica #ENG #EMA

Are you familiar with our inhouse-developed tracking system, Steeltrack? We developed Steeltrack to ensure we had complete real-time visibility over the progress of jobs in our workshop at every stage of their manufacturing or refurbishment. For our customers, it means at any point in their project, we can provide accurate information on job progress and delivery timeframes. How it works: 1. Using our proprietary software, customer works are barcoded with tags that withstand the manufacturing process (inclusive of surface treatment) 2. Barcodes are scanned at each production stage facilitating quality control, real-time progress tracking and reporting. 3. Optional QR codes provide detailed specifications of works and the ability for customers to utilise details for receipt and inventory management Our goal is to develop the system to a level at which we can provide customers with their own Steeltrack access for live job updates, anytime, anywhere. #Steel #SteelManufacturing #Engineering #Mining #MiningWA

The history of pipe manufacturing begins with the use of hollowed-out logs to carry water, a primitive but effective solution for early civilizations. As technology advanced, cast iron pipes were developed, initially used in England and France before being introduced to the United States, with Philadelphia adopting cast iron pipes in 1817. The production of steel pipes, a significant leap forward, starts with the smelting of iron. All metals are typically found in ores mixed with rocks. To extract iron, the ore is heated to a high temperature until the iron melts and separates from the waste material. The molten iron, known as pig iron, becomes the foundational component for making steel. Advancements in Steelmaking Processes Bessemer Converter: Invented in the mid-19th century, the Bessemer process revolutionized steel production. By blowing air through molten pig iron, impurities were oxidized, significantly improving efficiency and reducing costs. Open Hearth Furnace: This method followed, allowing greater control over the steel composition by melting pig iron and scrap steel together, refining the material over several hours. Basic Oxygen Process (BOP): Developed in the 20th century, the BOP replaced the Bessemer process. High-purity oxygen is blown into the molten pig iron, removing impurities more efficiently and producing higher-quality steel. Shaping Steel: Ingots, Blooms, Billets, and Continuous Casting Steel from these processes is shaped into usable forms: Ingots: Large blocks of steel, traditionally the starting point for further processing, but increasingly replaced by continuous casting. Blooms and Billets: Ingots are reheated and rolled into blooms (larger, rectangular shapes) or billets (smaller, square forms), which serve as intermediates for manufacturing pipes and other products. Continuous Casting: Modern methods now pour molten steel directly into molds, creating blooms and billets in a single, efficient step. This process eliminates the need for ingots, reducing costs and improving quality. Pipe and Tube Forming The processed steel is further worked into pipes and tubes through various methods: Seamless Pipe Manufacturing: Uses a solid billet, pierced and rolled to form a hollow tube. Welded Pipe Manufacturing: Begins with flat steel plates or coils that are rolled into a cylindrical shape and welded along the seam. Techniques like Electric Resistance Welding (ERW) or Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) are commonly used. These innovations have shaped the modern pipeline industry, enabling the transportation of water, oil, gas, and other materials with efficiency and durability. Piping Handbook 2000 Mohinder Nayyar McGrawHill #smelting #ferrous #erw #saw #bop #tube #pigiron #pipes #steel #blooms #billets #water #oil #gas