#Lend_me_your_ears
Tectonic movements in oil-rich regions, like Basra in southern of Iraq , can influence the topography of the Earth’s surface, although this impact is often subtle and spread over long periods. Basra sits near the Zagros Fold Belt, where the Arabian and Eurasian tectonic plates collide, causing natural tectonic activity. The extraction of oil in these regions could potentially interact with these movements in the following ways:
1. Subsidence: One of the most common impacts from oil extraction is subsidence, where the Earth’s surface slowly sinks due to the removal of large volumes of oil, gas, and water from the underground reservoirs. This is particularly a concern if the extracted fluids are not replaced or if the extraction causes changes in pressure balance, weakening the surrounding rock formations.
2. Fault Reactivation: Oil extraction can induce seismicity by changing subsurface pressures, potentially reactivating pre-existing faults. In a tectonically active region like Basra, this might slightly alter the stress distribution in the Earth’s crust, potentially triggering minor shifts along tectonic faults.
3. Microseismic Events: Enhanced oil recovery techniques, such as hydraulic fracturing or water injection, can cause small, localized seismic events, which could contribute to shifts in the Earth’s surface over time. Though usually minor, these microseismic events can occasionally have cumulative effects.
4. Surface Features: Over time, tectonic movements, combined with oil extraction, might create new surface features, such as slight changes in land elevation, the formation of small depressions or ridges, or the realignment of surface water channels.
The combined effects of natural tectonic movements and oil extraction would typically result in gradual changes in topography, rather than sudden dramatic shifts. However, monitoring these movements is critical for maintaining the structural integrity of oil infrastructure and ensuring long-term environmental stability.
Next shot@Geomodeling | R&D | Software Architect
2moLooking at traditional FSM, the main drivers of the simulation are the model at t0 and the deposition amount as a function of time. These parameters are complex to provide, and sampling iterative methods with significant FSM computational costs are needed to fit the data. Looking at our new method, C-FSM automatically constructs the model at t0, automatically constructs the sea-level curve, and deduces the deposition at each “time” step as a function of the environment/process/lithofacies interval thickness. Therefore, C-FSM is a direct method. Looking at the image above, you will see that the modeling computation time for the entire model is less than 1mn. In addition to the eight wells and their parasequences, the only parameters are the platform slope and the maximum lagoon depth.