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interested in public affairs and writes on topics related to security and global affairs.

The Islamic armed factions controlling the western part of Syria will not endure for long, as they lack a comprehensive national project and a clear strategy for resolving the crisis. Their reliance on narrow religious ideologies and limited external support renders them incapable of presenting a future vision for Syria. On the other hand, the Syrian regime insists on centralized dominance and refuses to acknowledge the national and cultural diversity of the Kurdish population, the political role of the Druze, or other components, deepening its internal and external isolation. The Kurdish self-administration, despite providing stable governance in its areas for 11 years, faces significant challenges due to the lack of international recognition and weak infrastructure. The Druze community, meanwhile, seeks to maintain relative neutrality but lacks political representation that articulates its interests in Syria’s future. The main problem lies in the absence of a national project, which creates a lack of trust among components and exacerbates political and economic weaknesses. The solution lies in building a comprehensive national project based on acknowledging diversity and drafting a new social contract that ensures the rights of all Syrians. Transitioning to a federal or decentralized system could provide fair representation and strengthen local governance. Efforts must focus on drying up sources of terrorism and exerting international pressure to halt external funding for extremist factions while launching comprehensive reconstruction programs and ensuring fair economic development. An international solution must ensure Syria’s neutrality in regional conflicts and push towards an inclusive political transition under UN auspices. In summary, the only solution is to build a state that embraces all citizens and relies on equality and justice to achieve sustainable stability.

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