🔊 Protecting North Atlantic Right Whales with Innovative Technology 🐋🌊
In a bid to save the endangered North Atlantic right whale, researchers are deploying underwater robots known as gliders in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. These unmanned vehicles, equipped with underwater microphones, patrol the waters for months, listening for whale sounds to track their movements.
Kimberley Davies, Associate Professor of biological sciences at UNB, explains, "The ocean is an acoustic world. All marine mammals make sounds." This summer, the team added a third glider, enhancing their ability to monitor whales both by sea and air. This collaborative effort includes researchers from the University of New Brunswick, Ocean Tracking Network, Transport Canada, and Woods Hole Oceanographic.
The stakes are high: the survival of the North Atlantic right whales. Each summer, these whales migrate north, now venturing into the busy Gulf of St. Lawrence. Here, detection of a whale triggers federal rules requiring ships over 13 meters to slow down to 10 knots (19 km/h) to reduce collision risks. Ships pose a significant threat to these whales; a vessel traveling at 25 knots is likely to kill a whale if it strikes it. Since 2017, at least 15 whales have died from vessel strikes, with 40 total deaths from various causes, leaving only 350-360 whales, including fewer than 70 reproductive females.
In Canada, federal rules allow whale sightings to prompt fishing closures or speed restrictions for large boats. However, vessel strikes and entanglements remain critical issues. Earlier this year, three whales were killed by vessel strikes in the U.S., and several calves are missing. Entanglement in fishing gear is another significant threat, with recent sightings of entangled whales in Canadian waters.
Kim Elmslie of Oceana Canada emphasizes the urgency: “Too many whales are being lost to entanglements in fishing gear and ship strikes.” The Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO) is preparing a five-year Whalesafe Gear Strategy, aiming to implement lower-breaking strength and rope-on-demand fishing gear to prevent entanglements.
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