NASA Twin Study: Telomere Length Changes in Scott Kelly, the ISS Astronaut In my perspective, the most noteworthy revelation from the NASA twin study was the elongation of Scott Kelly's telomeres as an adaptive response to the challenging conditions of space, as outlined in this study: https://lnkd.in/ezQ2WM7K. Scott Kelly experienced alterations in his DNA, including telomere elongation, which were not observed in his twin brother, providing valuable insights into the impact of space travel on human health. The observed changes in telomere length during space travel are unsurprising and may signify an adaptive response to significant space stressors, including radiation. Concerning the NASA Twin Study, we previously reported that telomere elongation may be attributed to a well-established biological adaptive response to the space environment [1]. Interestingly, studies in high background radiation areas of Ramsar, Iran [2], and Kerala, India [3], found no alterations in telomere length. However, the NASA Twin Study [4] revealed a significant change, potentially associated with the presence of high linear energy transfer (LET) relativistic particles in space. While protons are recognized as low-LET particles, high-charge and energy (HZE) particles possess heightened energies and LET values [5]. Despite their low abundance, HZE particles traversing a cell nucleus induce nearly irreparable DNA damage due to a very high rate of energy deposition in living cells [6]. In an e-letter published in Science, Mortazavi et al. expressed concerns about the NASA Twins Study, which examined the biological effects of a year-long spaceflight on a male astronaut compared to his monozygotic twin [7]. The authors of the e-letter suggest that the study did not adequately address the potential impact of space radiation, especially HZE particles, on telomere length and telomerase activity. They also propose the possibility that telomere elongation during space flight could be an adaptive response to the space environment but might also increase the astronaut's long-term risk of cancer [8]. Additionally, they suggest that the study could provide insights into the differences between low-dose exposures to low- vs. high-LET radiation. Source: https://lnkd.in/eR_pVYMg References 1. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1739770. [PubMed PMID: 32134704] 2. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1605460. [PubMed PMID: 31038377] 3. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008440. [PubMed PMID: 20037654; PubMed PMCID: PMC2793520] 4. doi: 10.1126/science.aau8650. [PubMed PMID: 30975860; PubMed PMCID: PMC7580864] 5. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02972. [PubMed PMID: 31867459; PubMed PMCID: PMC6906680] 6. doi: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2010.11.002. [PubMed PMID: 21126526; PubMed PMCID: PMC3318975] 7. Mortazavi SMJ, Bevelacqua JJ, Welsh. 2019. eLetter. Available from: https://lnkd.in/eS2Ep552. 8. doi: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2005-1115. [PubMed PMID: 33564645; PubMed PMCID: PMC7859374]
🎂#HappyBirthday to Two Great explorers: Senator Mark Kelly and Scott Kelly! Dedicated do service and science! 👨🚀👨🚀#DidYouKnow that they both became NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration, both went 4 times to #space and that during Scott Kelly’s One Year in Space Mission to #ISS conducted with #NASA „Twin Studies”? 👉 More abot the research here: https://lnkd.in/dr6dhaSA Photo: NASA #spaceexploration #spacestation #ScottKelly #MarkKelly
Professor of Medical Physics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS)
10mohttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31341884/