We've recently published our insights piece on Wastewater Treatment Works (WWTW); facilities designed to treat wastewater from domestic, commercial, and industrial sources before it is released back into the environment.
Processes in wastewater treatment include:
- Preliminary Treatment to screen and remove large objects and debris from the wastewater.
- Primary Treatment with physical processes such as sedimentation and flotation to remove suspended solids and some organic matter.
- Secondary Treatment, which usually involves biological processes where microorganisms break down organic pollutants in the wastewater.
- Tertiary Treatment with advanced treatment steps to further remove remaining contaminants using, among others, advanced filtration, disinfection, and nutrient removal.
Currently, novel solutions are being developed and commercialized, mainly targeted at the secondary and tertiary treatment phases, including approaches such as membrane bioreactors (MBRs), advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), and constructed wetlands as a nature-based solution. Furthermore, enhanced resource recovery of energy and nutrients from sludge is being explored.
In case you missed it, read our full issue on WWTW to dive deeper (link in the comments).
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