Black holes non exist. It is a bad terminology. When four protons fuse to become one helium nucleus, two of which must be converted into neutrons.
Lubomir Vlcek
It is possible to explain such experiment differently in different periods of times." P. L. KAPICA
Black holes non exist. It is a bad terminology. When four protons fuse to become one helium nucleus, two of which must be converted into neutrons, and each such transition depends on the penetration of the two electrons from the Universe, to the interior of the star . Penetration 10^38 to 10^58 of high energy electrons from the Universe to the interior of the star, transferred huge amounts of energy from the Universe into a small space of the star. This huge cosmic energy is responsible for thermonuclear fusion. Most stars have magnetic fields frozen in stellar plasmas. When the star's collapse eg. 2.5-mil. Km into a neutron star with a diameter of 25 km The magnetic field of an ordinary star is a few hundredths of a tesla, on neutron stars are very strong magnetic fields, from 10^6 up to 10^9 T. It is this strong magnetic field makes neutron stars pulsars, sources regularly repeated bursts. All pulsars are neutron stars, but most neutron stars such as pulsars we are not seeing.
The idea that inside the star, the mass converted to energy and energy into mass, without regard to high-energy electrons from the surrounding Universe, so finally falls. It is unsustainable.
Neutronization, i.e. injection of free electrons to protons to form neutrons and neutrinos, as a
consequence of the Pauli principle can therefore simply replace with the above considerations.
Although the inverse beta-decay is common to both considerations, the qualitative difference is
obvious.
The free electrons in the stars are replaced by high-energy electrons from the Universe
and neutrinos are replaced by waves which spread in the opposite direction to the movement of
high-energy electrons from the Universe, i.e. by kinetic energy / of wave = of neutrinos / =
Ew = mc2 [ln | 1 + v / c | - (v / c) / (1 + v / c)] against direction of motion of electron (from the interior of the star, to the Universe), where v is velocity of electron.
Moreover, formation of a supernova is only possible, if the increase the number of penetrating
high-energy electrons from the Universe.
At the end of life star :
1. high-energy electrons from the Universe are penetrating into the star,
2. by waves (= by electron neutrinos ) propagated from inside of star to her surface , the star
expands, more and more. More and more active are mutual repellent protons of star. In
combination with neutrino waves, star more and more expands.
Gradually grows, its radius will expand about 100 times (RRG = 100 RS … Arcturus) and due to
conservation of angular momentum (L = I*omega = const) decreases rotation of the magnified star from omegas = 2,8* 10-6 Hz on omegaRG = 10-8 Hz.
This creates a Red Giant.
This makes that the high-energy electrons from the Universe easily penetrate into the interior of stars (electrons have a small radius of force reach re =2,84 e-24m in direction of motion from the Universe) and in particular the impact of 10^6 times more (since the volume of Red Giant is a 100^3 = 10^6 times greater).
Therefore into the interior of Red Giant can easily penetrate slower electrons from the universe too.
Total number all electrons from the Universe is approximately 10^7
times more than in the middle of life stars. As a result, inside the Red Giant arises approximately 10^7 times more neutrons per second.
After some time, almost all protons inside the Red Giant will turn into neutrons (repulsive force of protons is replaced without force, or a weak attractive force of neutrons respectivelly ).
After the conversion of protons into neutrons, leads to of neutrons concentration and a very dense neutron star with a radius of Rns = 10 000 km, and due to conservation of angular momentum,
neutron star spinning at omega ns = 1 Hz to 716 Hz .[1]
Together with this reduction of the Red Giant in neutron star, arises emission neutrino waves in the opposite direction of movement of electrons from the Universe.
This creates a shock wave which ejects the remnants of star into Universe - thus creating a circular
cloud of gas that is growing with time after the supernova explosion.
The remaining protons, which did not create with electrons from the Universe neutrons,
create hydrogen atoms - electron capture (K-capture).
And either because some electrons from the Universe have a lower speed of 0.003 c - 0.6c or because they are located in areas distant from the center of the star where the pressure is significantly lower. These hydrogen atoms are entrained by the neutrino waves propagating from inside of the star out into Universe.
"Collapsing star" or "frozen star". The term introduced John A. Wheeler. A new look for gravitational collapse,
Nuclear fusion,
Neutrino Oscillations give:
Movement principles of the fast-spinning pulsars,
Confinement of quarks
Great Table of Elementary Particles
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5y[cont. ] Such prices can not be the basis for either the formation of celestial bodies or celestial bodies, nor is the logical sequence of the formation of pulsars, neutron stars, and the like. First of all, it is necessary to know, first, how matter is formed, and everything else from it. Without it, they are hugger-mugger. !
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5yIn order to explain these phenomena in the universe, science and all its participants must understand that there must be some substance from which matter is formed and that matter must be transformed into that substance, and therefore the reproducible processes of origin and disappearance of matter take place, and thus and all the celestial bodies, and even our bodies. Therefore, there must be black holes in which matter is transformed into Aether from which matter is formed. Gravitation forms and dissolves bodies and matter. This story that electrons come from the universe and "emerge" into protons and thus form neutrons, is a funny story for many reasons. First, where did these electrons come from and whether they were formed by processes that differ from the formation of protons. Secondly, how is the proton formed and in it positron? Where does the positron get from and where does it come and what is his "flat" into which it moves?