Choosing the Right Tank Roof
Rinoj Rajan, L6σBB,MEngNZ,MIEAust,MIET, MIIRSM,MIMMM,PCQI,PMP®
Mechanical Engineer ♾️ WES 🇨🇦 EA 🇦🇺 NZ 🇳🇿 ♾️ QHSE • Inspection • Expediting • Project MGMT. 🏷️ CSWIP 3.2 🏷️ BGAS Grade 2 🏷️ FROSIO Level III (Coating) 🏷️ Lead Auditor - API & ISO (QMS • EMS • OHSMS)
Selecting the appropriate roof type for storage tanks is a critical decision influenced by operational, environmental, and safety considerations. Here's a comprehensive guide:
𝟭. 𝗧𝘆𝗽𝗲𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗥𝗼𝗼𝗳𝘀
- Common options include cone roofs, floating roofs, cone roof tanks with internal roofs, and cone roof tanks with vapor recovery systems.
- Floating roofs are further categorized into pan, pontoon, and double-deck designs.
𝟮. 𝗘𝘃𝗮𝗽𝗼𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗟𝗼𝘀𝘀 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗹
- Cone roof tanks experience filling losses proportional to throughput and breathing losses related to vapor space volume.
- Floating roofs with tight-fitting primary and secondary seals virtually eliminate evaporation losses, making them ideal for reducing vapor emissions.
𝟯. 𝗙𝗶𝗿𝗲 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝘁𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻
- Fire protection isn't typically a primary consideration for roof selection, except for tanks exceeding 120 feet in diameter.
- For such large tanks storing volatile stocks (flash points below 100°F) or heavier stocks near their flash points, floating roofs are recommended.
𝟰. 𝗘𝘅𝗽𝗹𝗼𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗛𝗮𝘇𝗮𝗿𝗱 𝗠𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗴𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻
- Cone roof tanks containing volatile stocks may have flammable mixtures in the vapor space, posing an explosion risk.
- Floating roofs are sometimes employed as a precautionary safety measure, even when evaporation savings aren't the primary concern.
𝟱. 𝗩𝗮𝗽𝗼𝗿 𝗦𝗽𝗮𝗰𝗲 𝗖𝗼𝗿𝗿𝗼𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗻
- Tanks storing sour crude oils or similar stocks can face significant shell corrosion in the vapor space.
- A floating roof minimizes vapor space, reducing the risk of corrosion and extending tank life.
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