Classification and usage of inverters
An inverter is a device that converts direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC). It is widely used in fields such as energy conversion, mechanical drive, and power transmission, and has become an important part of modern power systems. Inverters can be classified in many ways according to different working principles, structures, and application requirements.
Classification of inverters
1. Classification by output waveform
Square wave inverter:
The output waveform is a square wave, with a simple structure and low cost, but due to the irregular waveform, it generates more harmonics and is suitable for occasions with low power requirements.
Sine wave inverter:
The output waveform is a sine wave, which is similar to the AC waveform and is suitable for most AC loads, such as household appliances. It is divided into:
Pure sine wave inverter: provides stable sine wave output, suitable for all devices, and the price is relatively high.
Modified sine wave inverter (also known as "pseudo-sine wave" inverter): The waveform is similar to the sine wave, but there are certain harmonics, which is suitable for loads with low power requirements.
2. Classification by control method
Voltage source inverter (VSI):
The input end is a voltage source, and the output end controls the voltage amplitude. It is mainly used for low-power applications, such as photovoltaic inverters and wind power inverters.
Current source inverter (CSI):
The input end is a current source, and the output end controls the current amplitude. It is used for high-power, high-voltage applications, such as some industrial equipment.
3. Classification by working method
Offline inverter (also known as solar inverter):
It requires external power supply and will not continue to work when the mains power fails. Generally used in independent renewable energy systems.
Online inverter:
Device that is connected to the power grid during power conversion, which can output stably in real time and at the same frequency as the power grid.
4. Classification by application
Home inverter:
It is used in home solar power generation systems to convert the DC power generated by solar panels into AC power.
Industrial inverter:
It is used for large machinery, transmission systems and power conversion, and is commonly used in motor drives and power regulation.
Portable inverter:
A small portable device suitable for outdoor activities or emergency power supply, which converts DC power from car batteries or lithium batteries into AC power for use in small electronic devices.
5. Classification by cooling method
Air-cooled inverter:
Dissipates heat through fans, suitable for small inverters or lower power applications.
Water-cooled inverter:
Cooled by water, suitable for high-power, high-intensity inverters, used in industrial equipment.
How to use the inverter
1. Installation
Choose a suitable inverter:
Before installation, you first need to choose a suitable inverter based on the load type, power requirements, and power input conditions.
Location and environment:
When installing the inverter, choose a dry, well-ventilated environment, avoid moisture and high temperature, and ensure normal heat dissipation of the equipment.
Wiring:
Connect the DC power supply (such as battery or solar panel) and AC load correctly according to the instructions. Make sure the wiring is firm to avoid short circuits.
2. Debugging
Before starting, check whether all lines are normal to ensure that there are no short circuits or poor contact.
After power on, check the display screen of the inverter (if any) to confirm whether the parameters such as input voltage, output voltage and frequency are normal.
3. Use
Start the inverter, connect the AC load, and observe the operating status.
Monitor the output waveform and load conditions regularly to ensure that the inverter works within a reasonable range and avoid overload operation.
4. Maintenance
Clean the exterior of the inverter regularly to ensure good heat dissipation.
For inverters that are not used for a long time, keep the power disconnected and check the battery and power circuit regularly.
Inverter is an important power electronic device that provides stable power for various devices and systems by converting DC to AC. According to different application requirements, inverters can be divided into many types, such as output waveform, control mode, working mode and application occasions. When using the inverter, following the correct installation, commissioning and maintenance methods can ensure the optimization of its performance and extension of its service life.