CTA Carotid and Cerebral artifacts and pitfalls

1- Artifact from improper parameters ,using large FOV can decrease overall image quality and reduce temporal resolution with providing undetailed images . while adjusting small FOV can increases temporal resolution which will contribute greatly to image quality see the difference between image 1&2 regarding the use of optimal FOV

2-Beam-hardening artifact occurs when occurs when an x-ray beam passes through an object, resulting in selective attenuation of lower energy photons see below the difference between image 1&2. while image 2 has a streak/ beam-hardening artifact (red arrow), image 1 posses a very sharp and good quality.

3- Insignificant Motion Artifact during or before scanning will not allow the scanner to do subtraction between pre and post contrast, which should be the exact start and end. see below the same pre and post contrast How it looks like

4- subtraction technique allows to perform fast image processing ,so it can easily create 3D quality images by using subtracted volume "see below "this video will give you a clear understanding on How subtraction is being done.

5-this is is the difference between applying and non-applying the mentioned parameters

5- It is clear that CTA carotid and cerebral can be challenging without optimizing the the above discussed parameters so that it is very important to use theses parameters to get the best result

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