EV Transition Guide for Fleet Managers
Lesson One - Fundamentals
Electric vehicles (EVs) use a battery to store energy instead of a gasoline tank like conventional combustion engine vehicles. Therefore, the units of measurement for energy inputs and outputs for EVs differ from those of combustion vehicles because the energy that powers an EV comes from a battery, while the energy for a combustion vehicle comes from gasoline.
1. Electrical energy is measured in kilowatt-hours (kWh) and is used to describe battery capacity or energy needs for journeys or periods, similar to the litres of gasoline stored in vehicle tanks for combustion.
2. The energy consumption of EVs is expressed in kWh/100 km or Wh/km, while for combustion vehicles it's expressed in L/100 km.
3. Power is a measure of the speed at which energy is transferred and it is usually expressed in kilowatts (kW). To understand charging power, it is helpful to think about the flow rate of a fuel pump, which is measured in liters per minute (L/min), and how it fills the tank of a combustion vehicle. One kilowatt hour (kWh) represents a transfer of one kilowatt of power for an hour.
Example
A 2022 Chevrolet Bolt has a 65 kWh battery, consumes 15.6 kWh/100 km, and can recharge at a maximum power of 50 kW.
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