How many days can the N95 mask be used? How to choose a mask suitable for you? Learn these methods
How many days can the N95 mask be used? How to choose a mask suitable for you? Learn these methods
How to choose a mask that suits you? How to wear a mask correctly? The Respiratory Rehabilitation Center of Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University gives the following guidance.
First, common masks and their characteristics
Common masks are mainly ordinary masks (such as paper masks, activated carbon masks, cotton masks, sponge masks, gauze masks, etc.), medical masks, medical surgical masks, medical protective masks (such as N95, KN95 masks, etc.).
1
Ordinary masks can be washed and reused. Saliva is left on the inner surface of the mask that touches the mouth and nose. If you do not wash it, it is easy to breed bacteria and does not meet the hygiene requirements. The fibers of cotton masks are generally thick and cannot effectively filter smaller particles, and most of them have not passed the international safety certification, and the protection effect is not guaranteed.
2
The medical protective mask (N95) has a good fit with the wearer's face, can filter particles in the air, block pollutants such as droplets, blood, body fluids, secretions, etc., and can filter 95% of non-oily particles The above is the personal protective equipment commonly used to deal with airborne diseases.
3
Medical surgical masks are commonly used medical masks in the operating room and other environments where there is a risk of bodily fluids and blood splashes. They can block blood and bodily fluids from passing through the masks and pollute the wearer. At the same time, the filtration efficiency of bacteria is more than 95%, but the filtration efficiency of particles is limited. And most of them are rectangular design, the degree of closeness to the face is not as tight as medical protective masks. Common medical surgical masks include strap type and ear hook type.
Ordinary medical masks have many names. Medical masks without the words "protection" and "surgical" on the names are ordinary medical masks. This level of masks does not require barrier properties to blood and does not require closeness. Therefore, it is only used for general medical environment. Most common medical masks are ear-hook type, and their appearance is similar to ear-hung surgical masks.
How to choose the right mask?
1. Types and protective effects of masks: Medical protective masks> Medical surgical masks> General medical masks> General masks
2. Ordinary masks (such as cotton, sponge, activated carbon, gauze) can only prevent dust and haze, and cannot prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses.
3, ordinary medical masks: can be used in non-intensive public places.
4. Medical surgical masks: The protective effect is better than ordinary medical masks, which can be worn in densely populated places in public places.
5. Medical protective masks (N95 / KN95): It can be used by front-line medical personnel when they are in contact with confirmed or suspected neo-coronary pneumonia patients, during fever clinics, on-site survey sampling and testing personnel. They can also be worn in high-density places or in closed public places.
6. Regarding the protection of the new type of coronavirus pneumonia in the near future, medical masks should be used instead of ordinary cotton, gauze, activated carbon and other masks.
How to wear medical surgical masks
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Fourth, the correct wearing method of N95 mask
1. Face the mask without the nose clip so that the nose clip is above the mask. Hold the mask on your face with your hand and hold the mask against your chin.
2. Pull the upper headband over your head and place it above your head.
3. Pull the lower headband over the top of the head and place it under the ears behind the neck.
4. Place the fingers of both hands in the middle of the metal nose clip, while pressing inward, move the fingertips along the sides of the nose clip until the nose clip is fully pressed into the shape of the bridge of the nose. Using only one hand to pinch the mask nose clip may affect the tightness of the mask.
5. The user must check the tightness of the mask to the face:
a Cover the mask with both hands to avoid affecting the position of the mask on the face;
b. Inhale quickly. If the air leaks from the bridge of the nose, readjust the nose clip according to step 4. If the air leaks from the edge of the mask, readjust the headband; if a good fit cannot be achieved, repeat steps 1-4.
c. If you do not feel leaked, you are wearing well.
6
Breathing valve tips
The function of the breathing valve: In a humid or poorly ventilated or labor-intensive work environment, using a mask with a breathing valve can help you feel more comfortable when exhaling. The working principle of the breathing valve is that the positive pressure of the exhaust gas during the exhalation blows off the valve sheet to quickly remove the exhaust gas from the body, reducing the stuffy feeling when using a mask, and the negative pressure when inhaling will automatically close the valve to avoid suction Pollutants entering the external environment.
V. When do I need to change my mask?
1. If the N95 mask is not polluted, does not contaminate droplets, and is not deformed, the mask fits tightly on the face, and it can be worn for three days. However, if you have contact with a new crown patient, or if you feel that you have difficulty breathing, you need to discard it in time.
2. Surgical masks and medical masks are generally worn for 4 hours for replacement, and they can be replaced at any time when they are contaminated or wet.
6. What should I do with waste masks?
1. The masks worn by healthy people do not have the risk of transmission of the new coronavirus, and can be disposed of according to the requirements of domestic waste classification.
2. Masks worn by suspected cases or confirmed patients should not be discarded randomly, they should be treated as medical waste, and they should be disposed of in strict accordance with the relevant procedures of medical waste, and must not enter the circulation market.
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