Mastering the Leadership Matrix: Moving Toward ETHICAL Leadership
Once upon a time in a thriving non-profit organization, there was a leader named Elena. Elena was respected not just by her peers but also publicly lauded by the CEO during meetings for her exceptional ability to engage her team and drive impactful projects. Her strategic acumen was evident, and her compassionate approach to leadership helped the organization reach new heights in community impact and operational efficiency.
Elena's journey began as a Value-Driven Learner, where her strong values were evident, but she initially struggled with the practical skills needed to fully realize her leadership potential. Unlike A$$ CLOWNS, who lacked both skills and ethical grounding, causing high turnover and low morale, Elena was committed to personal and professional growth. She dedicated herself to developing her strategic planning and performance management
As she honed these skills, she carefully avoided the pitfalls that often ensnare Dick-Taters, leaders whose high skills come at the expense of ethical conduct. She witnessed first-hand how such leaders, despite their operational success, could erode team morale and integrity by prioritizing results over people. Determined not to follow that path, Elena emphasized transparency, accountability, and the welfare of her team in every decision.
Behind the scenes, Elena fostered an environment of openness and trust, encouraging her team members to voice their ideas and concerns. She prioritized process and well-being over mere outcomes, leading to a significantly lower turnover rate and cultivating a strong, collaborative culture. Her focus on ethical integrity and personal growth
Elena’s leadership journey offers a vivid example of how true leadership success is measured not only by what is achieved but by how it's achieved. By integrating her developing skills with strong ethical values, Elena became the embodiment of an ethical leader—balancing competence with integrity, and inspiring both trust and performance within her team. Her story highlights the critical importance of growth and intentionality in leadership, as she evolved from a Value-Driven Learner to a fully formed ethical leader, avoiding the pitfalls of both A$$ CLOWNs and Dick-Taters along the way.
This brings us to the Leadership Matrix, a tool that helps us understand these various leadership styles and the potential paths toward ethical leadership. Elena’s story exemplifies the journey from a Value-Driven Learner to an ETHICAL Leader, a process that requires both personal growth and a commitment to ethical standards.
Leadership Matrix
As unpacked in the previous three articles, the matrix is made up of the following:
The Leadership Matrix not only helps us identify the different types of leaders but also highlights the paths they can take toward becoming more balanced and ethical. For those aspiring to lead effectively, or current leaders aiming to improve, the matrix offers valuable insights into developing a leadership style that achieves results respectfully and uplifts everyone involved.
The ETHICAL LEADER
In my last article, I explored the Values-driven Leader. In this fourth and final article of this Leadership Matrix series, it's time to shift our focus to the ethical leader, which I'll define as the ETHICAL Leader (more on that shortly)—someone who not only embodies strong values but also ensures that their actions, decisions, and impact align with principles of integrity, fairness, and responsibility. While values are fundamental to guiding behavior and setting a clear vision, ethics determine how we bring that vision to life.
The values-driven leader operates from a strong internal compass, driven by purpose and long-term aspirations. But intentions alone don’t connect all the dots. It's not just about having the right reasons; it’s about doing things in the right way. Ethics ensure that we aren’t simply chasing results at any cost but are achieving them in a manner that aligns with those guiding principles.
In short, a values-driven leader isn’t necessarily unethical—far from it. However, the ETHICAL Leader takes it a step further by ensuring that both their intentions and their actions are aligned. This combination of values and ethics is what leads to truly sustainable success. Ethics becomes the mission that guides how we realize the vision provided by our values, ensuring that trust, integrity, and meaningful results are the foundation of our leadership journey.
Ethics
Before we can fully define what it means to be an ETHICAL Leader, we need to first establish what ethics are, particularly through a behavioral lens. Ethics, at their core, are about behavior—specifically, patterns of behavior that align with moral principles such as fairness, integrity, and responsibility. From a behavior analytic perspective, ethics are the observable actions individuals take that are shaped and reinforced by both our values and external contingencies.
To put it simply, values are like a vision—they represent the "why" behind our actions, guiding us toward what is important and meaningful. Ethics, on the other hand, are like a mission—they define how we translate that vision into action, ensuring that our behavior aligns with our values and produces the desired outcomes. By understanding ethics as behavior, we can more clearly see that ethical leadership is about more than just having values—it's about consistently behaving in ways that reflect those values, leading to trusted, principled decision-making and meaningful outcomes.
Now, let’s explore how the ETHICAL Leader connects all the dots, achieving valued outcomes while upholding the highest standards in how those outcomes are reached. ETHICAL is an acronym that serves as a guiding framework for leadership. Each letter represents a key principle that helps leaders ensure they are not only moving in the right direction but doing so in a way that produces meaningful and valued results.
Here’s what ETHICAL stands for:
This acronym will serve as our roadmap for exploring what it takes to be an ethical leader. Let’s break down each component and see how it applies to leadership in real-world scenarios.
Empathy: Leading with Understanding
Empathy is critical to ethical leadership. It’s about understanding the perspectives, feelings, and experiences of others, guiding your decisions and actions to not just achieve results but to support those around you. Let’s see how empathy shows up—or is often missing—in different leadership styles:
In all cases, empathy is the key that humanizes leadership. It’s what allows leaders to align their actions not just with values, but with the real, lived experiences of the people they lead. This makes empathy essential for every leader who seeks to inspire trust, build strong teams, and foster sustainable success.
Trustworthiness: Building and Maintaining Trust
Trustworthiness is a fundamental pillar of ethical leadership. It's about being reliable, honest, and consistent in your actions and decisions. Trust is earned through transparency, integrity, and following through on commitments, which creates a foundation where people feel secure and valued.
Here’s how trustworthiness (or the lack of it) plays out across different leadership styles:
In leadership, trustworthiness is what gives your words weight. Without it, no matter how skilled or well-intentioned you are, your team will struggle to follow your lead. Trustworthiness isn’t about never making mistakes—it’s about owning them, learning from them, and consistently showing up in ways that demonstrate your commitment to the people you lead.
Humility: Recognizing Limitations and Being Open to Growth
Humility is an essential quality for ethical leadership. It involves acknowledging that you don’t have all the answers, being open to feedback, and understanding that leadership is about serving others, not just advancing your own interests. Humble leaders listen, learn, and are willing to admit mistakes while focusing on continuous improvement.
Let’s see how humility plays out across different leadership styles:
Humility allows leaders to build stronger relationships with their teams because it shows vulnerability and openness to change. Leaders who demonstrate humility aren’t afraid to admit that they don’t have all the answers, and they recognize that their strength lies in the collective wisdom of their team. It’s a critical component of ethical leadership, as it invites collaboration, growth, and trust.
Recommended by LinkedIn
Integrity: Upholding Strong Moral Principles
Integrity is the backbone of ethical leadership. It’s about doing the right thing, even when no one is watching, and sticking to your principles in the face of challenges. Leaders with integrity act consistently with their values, maintaining honesty, transparency, and fairness in all situations.
Here’s how integrity (or lack thereof) appears across different leadership styles:
Integrity is the foundation on which ETHICAL leadership is built. Without it, even the most well-meaning leaders can lose the trust of their teams and undermine their credibility. Leaders who consistently act with integrity inspire loyalty, respect, and a culture of fairness, making integrity indispensable for creating lasting, positive influence.
Consistency: Ensuring Reliability in Decisions and Actions
Consistency is crucial for ETHICAL leadership because it builds trust and creates a stable environment where people know what to expect. Leaders who are consistent in their actions, decisions, and expectations foster reliability and accountability, which are essential for maintaining credibility over time.
Let’s see how consistency plays out across different leadership styles:
Consistency is vital for maintaining trust and stability within a team or organization. Leaders who are unpredictable or apply standards inconsistently risk losing credibility and respect. Ethical leaders understand that consistency is about being reliable, transparent, and fair, allowing their team to trust that their actions will align with their words. By being consistent, leaders reinforce the standards they set and create a culture of accountability and trustworthiness.
Accountability: Owning Decisions and Outcomes
Accountability is a defining trait of ethical leadership. It’s about taking responsibility for both successes and failures, and ensuring that actions align with both personal and organizational standards. Leaders who are accountable don’t shift blame or dodge responsibility—they own their decisions and their consequences, creating a culture of trust and reliability.
Here’s how accountability (or the lack of it) shows up in different leadership styles:
Accountability is the glue that holds ethical leadership together. Leaders who are accountable build a culture of trust, where everyone feels empowered to take ownership of their actions without fear of blame or retribution. Ethical leaders understand that accountability isn’t just about admitting fault—it’s about being responsible for the entire process, from decision-making to outcomes, and continuously striving to improve both.
Leadership: Guiding Others with Purpose and Moral Clarity
Leadership, in the context of ethics, means more than just managing tasks or directing people—it’s about guiding others with purpose, moral clarity, and a focus on collective success. ETHICAL Leaders inspire, influence, and empower those around them by modeling the right behaviors, making principled decisions, and fostering a culture of integrity and respect.
Here’s how leadership manifests (or fails to) across the different styles:
The 4 Hats of Leadership
Ethical leaders don’t just focus on a single approach—they effectively wear the "4 Hats of Leadership" (Gavoni, 2024): leading, training, coaching, and managing. Each of these roles plays an essential part in guiding their teams with purpose, moral clarity, and integrity. Let’s briefly explore how these hats fit under the umbrella of ethical leadership:
By effectively wearing these four hats—leading, training, coaching, and managing—an ethical leader connects the dots between vision, action, and sustainable results. They don’t just inspire; they also build the skills, offer the feedback, and maintain the systems that allow their teams to thrive while upholding ethical standards. These roles together create a holistic approach to leadership that fosters trust, growth, and long-term success.
ETHICAL Leader – The Pinnacle of Leadership
The ETHICAL Leader represents the pinnacle of leadership, seamlessly integrating purpose, principles, and performance. Unlike other styles, the ethical leader doesn't just aim for the right outcomes—they ensure those outcomes are achieved in ways that uphold the highest moral standards. This leader consistently connects values with action, aligning both the what and the how to drive sustainable, meaningful success.
While the Value-Driven Learner has strong values, they may lack the skills to fully implement them. Importantly, they are not unethical—just still growing. However, the ETHICAL leader elevates this by mastering the skills needed to align both values and execution effectively, ensuring their actions consistently produce results without sacrificing their principles.
Dick-taters may achieve results, but often at the cost of fairness and integrity. In contrast, the ETHICAL leader produces outcomes without compromising ethical standards, creating a healthier, more sustainable environment. Meanwhile, A$$ Clowns, who lack both values and skills, fall far short of any meaningful leadership model, focusing only on self-interest and erratic behavior.
The ETHICAL Leader excels because they wear the "4 Hats of Leadership"—leading, training, coaching, and managing—with precision, always ensuring that what they do and how they do it is rooted in integrity, fairness, and empathy. This comprehensive approach not only builds trust and respect but delivers valued results in a way that ensures long-term success. The ETHICAL Leader is the highest standard of leadership because they connect vision, values, and execution in a way that no other style does, making them the true gold standard for any organization or team.
However, it’s important to recognize that leadership is a journey, and the Leadership Matrix serves as a tool to bring awareness—the first critical step toward improvement. If you find yourself identifying more with the A$$ CLOWN or Dick-tater, it doesn’t mean you’re stuck there. The matrix is a continuum, and anybody can evolve toward becoming an ethical leader. Awareness of where you stand today is the foundation for positive change. With focused effort on values, behavior, and integrity, anyone can move toward ethical leadership and build a lasting, meaningful impact on their team and organization.
About the Author
Specializing in human performance, coaching, and organizational leadership, Dr. Paul "Paulie" Gavoni is a behavior scientist and educator who has worked across education and human services for almost three decades. In this capacity, he has served the needs of children and adults through various positions, including COO, Vice President, Director of School Improvement, Leadership Director, Professor, Assistant Principal, School Turnaround Manager, Clinical Coordinator, Therapist, District Behavior Analyst, and Director of Progam Development and Public Relations at PCMA. Dr. Gavoni is passionate about applying Organizational Behavior Management (OBM), or the science of human behavior, to make a positive difference in establishing safe, productive, and engaging environments that bring out the best in faculty and staff so they can bring out the best in the learners they serve. He is an active board member of the Opioid Awareness Foundation and World Behavior Analysis Day Alliance.
Known for his authenticity and practical approaches, Dr. Gavoni is the host of the Top 1.5% globally ranked Crisis in Education Podcast and a sought-out speaker at various Educational and Behavior Analytic Conferences Internationally. He a the Wall Street Journal and USA Today best-selling co-author of The Scientific Laws of Life & Leadership: Behavioral Karma; Quick Wins! Accelerating School Transformation through Science, Engagement, and Leadership; Deliberate Coaching: A Toolbox for Accelerating Teacher Performance; and MMA Science: A Training, Coaching, and Belt Ranking Guide. Dr. Gavoni is proud to introduce OBM and Applied Behavior Analysis to worldwide audiences through his numerous publications and his work with PCMA to create productive, safe, and positive cultures.
Beyond his work in education and human services, Dr. Gavoni is also a former Golden Gloves Heavyweight Champion and a highly respected striking coach in combat sports. Coach “Paulie Gloves,” as he is known in the Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) community, has trained world champions and UFC vets using technologies rooted in the behavioral sciences. Coach Paulie has been featured in the books Beast: Blood, Struggle, and Dreams a the Heart of Mixed Martial Arts, A Fighter’s Way, and the featured article Ring to Cage: How four former boxers help mold MMA’s finest. He is also an author who has written extensively for various online magazines such as Scifighting, Last Word on Sports, and Bloody Elbow, where his Fight Science series continues to bring behavioral science to MMA. Finally, Paulie was also a featured fighter in FX’s highest-rated show at the time, The Toughman, and as an MMA coach in the Lifetime reality series Leave it to Geege.
Disclaimer: All ideas presented are original to the author. ChatGPT has been used solely to enhance the reading experience.
I help Businesses Achieve Sustainable Growth | Consulting, Exec. Development & Coaching | 45+ Years | CEO @ S4E | Building M.E., AP & Sth Asia | Best-selling Author, Speaker & Awarded Leader
2moAppreciate these insights, blending OBM and ABA principles enhances leadership effectiveness and drives meaningful results.
Organizational and Business development consultant who ROCKS THE HOUSE!!
2moAn article that's infimatuvely impactful and packed full of real learning opportunities focused on behavioral adjustment and management. Coaching and organizational leadership with a focus in passion and commitment are mentioned in thus article. Analogies that are real life experiences by the author are insightful.