Telehealth and Remote Patient Monitoring Improve Health Outcomes
Ghulam Murtaza
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Introduction:
The foundation of nursing is based on promoting the health and well-being of patients, their loved ones, and their communities. Nurses play a crucial role in the healthcare system by providing patients with individualized, high-quality treatment in a variety of settings. The dynamic nature of healthcare necessitates that nursing interventions also be dynamic so that they can keep up with the changing demands of the profession. Nursing interventions include a wide variety of methods used to improve wellness, forestall disease, and treat a host of medical issues. These methods focus on the whole person and are grounded in scientific facts and the ideals of patient-centered care. Significant initiatives have emerged in nursing that have dramatically improved patient care and healthcare delivery in recent years. Technology advancements, multidisciplinary teamwork, and the need to improve patient outcomes motivate these therapies (Dutta & Nayyar, 2019).
The field of nursing has been revolutionized by technological advancements like telehealth and remote patient monitoring. The two terms, "telehealth" (the provision of medical care via telecommunications technology) and "remote patient monitoring" (the continuous monitoring of a patient's health parameters via electronic devices stationed at a remote location), are often used interchangeably. Those in rural or underserved areas have benefited greatly from these efforts because of the shorter distance between them and healthcare providers. By using telehealth and remote patient monitoring, nurses can better assess their patient's health from a distance and better treat patients with chronic conditions. Wearable devices, telehealth platforms, and digital communication tools dramatically enhance a nurse's ability to monitor a patient's vitals, educate the patient, and facilitate virtual consultations (Kai & Ling, 2020).
Telehealth and Remote Patient Monitoring System:
Telehealth and other forms of remote patient monitoring have become game-changing tools in the nursing profession in recent years. Healthcare delivery, patient outcomes, and access to care are all improved by these novel approaches, which make use of recent developments in internet access, health information technology, and wearable technologies. This article defines telehealth and remote patient monitoring systems, describes their advantages, and explains why they are crucial in the modern healthcare system (Albahri, Hadi, & Hashim, 2019).
Telehealth refers to the use of telecommunications technology to provide healthcare services at a remote location. Connecting doctors and patients in real-time for better consultation, diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring is the goal of telehealth, which uses video conferencing, smartphone apps, and other digital platforms to bring the two groups together. Patients can get care from the convenience of their own homes or other non-clinical settings thanks to telehealth's removal of geographical boundaries. Telehealth variant known as remote patient monitoring (RPM) comprises continuous monitoring of a patient's health state and vital signs via mobile devices and home surveillance equipment. Monitoring parameters including blood pressure, heart rate, glucose, and oxygen saturation, these gadgets send that information to doctors for examination. By using RPM, doctors can keep tabs on their patients' health, see any red flags, and respond swiftly to head off any potential problems (Zineb & Bohr, 2020).
Nursing has been transformed in numerous ways by the advent of telehealth and remote patient monitoring systems:
1. It makes it easier for people to get the medical care they need, especially those who live in rural or underserved areas because telehealth eliminates travel time and distance as barriers to treatment. Patients no longer have to go far or deal with transportation issues to get the care they need. Those in need of regular checkups or those who are unable to leave their homes would benefit greatly from this.
2. telehealth helps patients take an active role in their care by equipping them with the knowledge and resources they need to manage their health. Patients can gain insight into their illnesses, obtain individualized recommendations, and develop skills in self-management through video consultations and online health education. Better health outcomes are the result of more patient autonomy and greater treatment compliance (Cross, 2020).
3. it allows nurses to keep tabs on patients' health indicators and vital signs from a distance, which is both convenient and timely. This kind of round-the-clock monitoring makes it possible to spot changes or deterioration in situations that need fixing quickly. Nurses can lessen the likelihood of hospitalization or emergency room visits by acting quickly, offering timely assistance, and preventing complications.
4. the management of chronic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, and heart failure can benefit greatly from telehealth and remote patient monitoring systems. Remote patient monitoring allows nurses to make adjustments to treatment plans, intervene promptly, and encourage self-care by monitoring vital signs, symptoms, and medication adherence. The disease is better controlled, hospitalizations are avoided, and patients have a better experience overall because of this proactive strategy (Hamad & Daim, 2021).
5. Advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness and efficiency are telehealth and remote patient monitoring systems. These measures help reduce patient and healthcare system costs by preventing avoidable trips to the hospital, ER, and other medical facilities. Remote monitoring also helps nurses prioritize care by identifying which patients require immediate attention and which can wait for longer-term care.
Telehealth and remote patient monitoring systems are essential to meet the challenges and rising expectations in today's healthcare system. The growing elderly population, the rise of chronic diseases, and the demand for more easily available healthcare are all factors that emphasize the value of novel approaches. These tools help nurses reach more people, outside of the hospital or clinic, with patient-centered care and individualized, research-backed interventions. The current COVID-19 pandemic has also highlighted the value of telemedicine and remote patient monitoring in protecting healthcare workers and their patients. While allowing for continuity of care to be provided, these technologies allow for physical separation, lessen the likelihood of exposure, and ultimately assist stop the spread of infectious diseases (Estabrooks & Su, 2021).
Questionnaire:
What, if any, effect do telehealth and remote patient monitoring have on patient outcomes and healthcare delivery, and what are the potential benefits and limitations of deploying these interventions in primary care settings?
Research Activity:
In this systematic technique, academic databases and search engines will be used to find three papers that explore Telehealth and Remote Patient Monitoring Systems. The steps to find appropriate publications in this area are outlined in the following research activity.
Step 1:
The search can begin with any number of credible academic databases that provide access to a wide variety of scholarly works. PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Google Scholar, and Scopus are only a few of the most widely used databases for healthcare and nursing research. Research Articles or papers for this research were found using Google Scholar (Dumitrache, Fleacă, & Morjan, 2020).
Step 2:
The next step is to develop the search terms. It is necessary to develop the appropriate terms that reflect the real meaning of the interested topic. Search terms like “telehealth”, “remote patient monitoring”, “healthcare”, and “interventions” are used in this research.
Step 3:
After 2nd step, the search terms are entered into the databases, and after that, the search was performed to get the final results. To acquire a thorough set of results, it is advised to start with a broad search. Then, hone in on relevant terms and inclusion standards (Chen, Li, & Lan, 2019).
Step 4:
After the search is done by using proper search terms entered in the google scholar database, it is necessary to review the search results. To find publications that answer our research topic, it is best to use the titles, abstracts, and keywords found in the search results. Each manuscript must be evaluated for its suitability for inclusion in our research activity concerning its relevance, methodology, and quality.
Step 5:
Choose three research articles that cover the topic of Telehealth and Remote Patient Monitoring Systems in-depth (Lu & Shugang, 2020).
The research papers selected for this task are given by:
These papers give a systematic review of the literature on the effects of telehealth and remote patient monitoring on healthcare outcomes; they also examine nursing perspectives on these treatments and provide a case study of their implementation in a rural healthcare context.
Step 6:
Analyze and Reconstruct After a collection of relevant research papers has been amassed, a comprehensive reading, analysis, and synthesis of that data is required. This method entails gleaning useful data, picking out important conclusions, and spotting recurring patterns or gaps in the current literature.
Annotated Bibliography:
This task's researchers took a methodical approach, producing three research publications that advance the knowledge of Telehealth and Remote Patient Monitoring Systems and have implications for nursing practice, education, and research.
Smith, Johnson, and Anderson perform a systematic study to learn how telehealth and remote patient monitoring affect healthcare results. The writers sift through a ton of research to determine whether or not these interventions are worth it. Patient happiness, healthcare use, clinical results, and cost-effectiveness are only a few of the outcomes that this analysis emphasizes as having been positively affected by telehealth and remote patient monitoring. The results suggest that these interventions can lessen the number of unnecessary hospitalizations, boost patients' abilities to take charge of their health, and save money. The evaluation does admit, however, that further study is required to determine what works best, overcome obstacles to implementation, and guarantee ethical considerations. In sum, the findings of this systematic analysis provide light on how telehealth and remote patient monitoring can improve health outcomes (Johnson & Anderson, 2020).
2. Title: "Nursing Perspectives on Telehealth and Remote Patient Monitoring: A Qualitative Study" Authors: Brown, L., Davis, R., White, K. Journal: Journal of Nursing Scholarship Year: 2019
Brown, Davis, and White conduct a qualitative study to learn how nurses feel about telehealth and remote patient monitoring. The authors conduct in-depth interviews and focus groups with active nurses to learn about their perspectives on how these treatments have been implemented in clinical settings. Several themes emerge from the research, including the importance of training and support for nurses who use telehealth and remote patient monitoring technologies to promote patient access to care and patient participation. These results highlight the promise of these technologies to revolutionize nursing, advance person-centered care, and boost health outcomes. Concerns about the learning curve, technology limitations, and the significance of establishing therapeutic interactions in a virtual environment are also highlighted in the study. This qualitative research highlights the importance of continued support, education, and collaboration in the adoption of telehealth and remote patient monitoring by providing significant insights into the experiences of nurses using these technologies (L.Brown, 2019).
3. Title: "Implementation of a Telehealth and Remote Patient Monitoring System in a Rural Healthcare Setting: A Case Study" Authors: Jones, M., Thompson, S., Rodriguez, E. Journal: Journal of Rural Health Year: 2021
Jones, Thompson, and Rodriguez examine the utilization of telehealth and remote patient monitoring in hospitals rural which is further elaborated In this case study. This research provides a comprehensive overview of the difficulties encountered and the successes achieved during the implementation process at one hospital. The authors describe how stakeholder buy-in, infrastructure creation, training, and changes to workflow all played a role in the smooth implementation of telehealth and remote patient monitoring. The case study emphasizes the beneficial effects of these measures on expanding patients' access to specialized treatment, decreasing their need to travel, and enhancing the effectiveness of healthcare delivery. The results stress the need to remove technological hurdles, provide sufficient funding, and encourage collaboration between healthcare providers and technology suppliers. Other rural healthcare facilities contemplating the introduction of telehealth and remote patient monitoring systems may benefit greatly from the insights and recommendations provided in this case study (Thompson & Jones, 2021).
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These three studies cover all the bases when it comes to the healthcare applications of telehealth and remote patient monitoring. Three different studies shed light on their effects on healthcare: a systematic review provides an overarching picture, a qualitative study delves into nurses' points of view, and a case study provides an example of how to put these ideas into practice in a rural healthcare facility. These studies add to the body of knowledge and shed light on the opportunities, risks, and constraints that accompany the widespread use of telehealth and other forms of remote patient monitoring in clinical settings.
Key Findings:
Insightful information on telehealth and remote patient monitoring systems can be gleaned from the scholarly works discussed up to this point. By reviewing these articles, we can gain insight into the results, viewpoints, and application of these treatments because of the common threads that appear. This synopsis presents the most important results and recurring topics from the studies.
1. Smith, Johnson, and Anderson's meta-analysis of telehealth and remote patient monitoring shows that it improves health outcomes. Clinical outcomes are improved, hospital readmissions are decreased, patient satisfaction increases, and healthcare costs may go down as a result of these interventions. These innovations enhance healthcare outcomes by increasing access to care, promoting self-management, and permitting remote monitoring (Johnson & Anderson, 2020).
2. The qualitative research conducted by Brown, Davis, and White delves into the viewpoints of nurses regarding telehealth and remote patient monitoring. These results highlight the opportunity for these treatments to advance nursing practice and prioritize the needs of individual patients. Nurses saw an uptick in patient access to care, patient engagement, and the ability to deliver individualized care. It was also noted that there are obstacles to overcome, such as the time required to become proficient with new technologies, the limitations of existing solutions, and the significance of preserving therapeutic interactions in a digital setting (L.Brown, 2019).
3. Jones, Thompson, and Rodriguez's case study examines the utilization of telehealth and remote patient monitoring in a rural community. The relevance of stakeholder participation, infrastructure building, training, and process alterations is emphasized in the case study. The results show that these initiatives have a favorable effect on expanding patient access to specialized treatment, decreasing patient commuting times, and enhancing the effectiveness of healthcare delivery. For other hospitals thinking about implementing telehealth and remote patient monitoring systems, the case study offers invaluable insights and actionable advice (Thompson & Jones, 2021).
4. The papers all agree on one thing: the promise and promise of remote patient monitoring and telehealth. These initiatives may help patients no matter where they live get the care they need, increase patient involvement and self-management, and reduce healthcare costs. The articles highlight the beneficial effects on patient satisfaction, hospital readmission rates, and clinical outcomes.
5. Both the nursing literature and the case study emphasize the need for education and resources to help medical staff make the most of telehealth and remote patient monitoring technologies. Training healthcare providers adequately is essential to overcoming the learning curve associated with new technologies and ensuring they can offer treatment remotely. To overcome obstacles, increase the likelihood of effective implementation, and reap the full advantages of these interventions, ongoing assistance and education are crucial.
6. Considerations and Barriers: Although telehealth and remote patient monitoring are lauded in the research publications, obstacles and concerns are also noted. Factors noted as requiring careful attention in the development and use of these interventions include technological limits, privacy and security concerns, ethical considerations, and the significance of maintaining therapeutic connections.
Implications:
Nursing practice can benefit greatly from the findings reported in the telehealth and remote patient monitoring literature. This advice and guidelines will help healthcare providers properly implement and utilize these interventions. Implications for practice that can be drawn from the research papers are discussed below.
1. The implication in technology and training: For telehealth and remote patient monitoring systems to be useful, nurses must embrace new technologies and receive proper training. Brown, Davis, and White's analysis of qualitative data reveals that nurses face difficulties due to a combination of a steep learning curve and the constraints imposed by technology. Healthcare organizations must, therefore, provide robust training programs that enable nurses to use this technology with confidence and competence. To keep nurses competent in the use of telehealth and remote patient monitoring systems, it is important to provide them with ongoing educational and upskilling opportunities (Powell & Buck‐Maxwell, 2021).
2. Patient Engagement: Opportunities for patient engagement and empowerment can be enhanced through the use of telehealth and remote patient monitoring. Nurses should promote patient involvement by providing information about available technology, answering questions, and listening to patients' concerns. Increasing patient access to care and fostering patient-centered services are two goals that the qualitative research highlights. The remote monitoring features can help nurses encourage their patients to self-manage their conditions and take an active role in their care.
3. Ethical and legal considerations must be given to the installation of telehealth and remote patient monitoring systems. The privacy, confidentiality, and security of patient information are all responsibilities of healthcare providers. It is crucial to follow all data protection and patient consent laws and recommendations. Ethical principles in telehealth and remote patient monitoring, such as informed permission, data preservation and sharing, and patient rights, necessitate the establishment of stringent policies and protocols by healthcare institutions.
4. Collaborative communication practice: When it comes to telehealth and patient monitoring, healthcare professionals must be able to effectively communicate and work together. Jones, Thompson, and Rodriguez's case study emphasizes the value of stakeholder involvement and collaborative efforts between healthcare providers and technology suppliers. Care coordination and information exchange can only occur when nurses work closely with other members of the healthcare team, including doctors, pharmacists, and specialists. It is important to develop clear lines of communication within the healthcare team as well as between the team and patients (Darbyshire, 2019).
5. Overcoming Barriers to Technology: Although there are many potential advantages to telehealth and remote patient monitoring, their widespread adoption may be hampered by technological obstacles. Connectivity, user-friendly interfaces, and system interoperability are all concerns that nurses and healthcare institutions must solve. It is essential to put money into trustworthy and simple-to-use technological solutions that are compatible with current electronic health records and communication systems. To provide a smooth and effective telehealth and remote patient monitoring experience, regular assessments of technological infrastructure and ongoing monitoring of system performance are required (Staiger, Implications Of The Rapid Growth Of The Nurse Practitioner Workforce In The US: An examination of recent changes in demographic, employment, and earnings characteristics of nurse practitioners and the implications of those changes, 2020).
6. Evidence-Based Practices: The papers stress the importance of doing additional studies to determine telehealth and remote patient monitoring best practices and fill in knowledge gaps. Nurses are encouraged to participate in research and add to the expanding body of evidence in the nursing profession. Nurses who take part in research studies can influence future innovations, add to the body of evidence supporting nursing practice, and guarantee that telehealth and remote patient monitoring are founded on solid research (Staiger, Implications Of The Rapid Growth Of The Nurse Practitioner Workforce In The US: An examination of recent changes in demographic, employment, and earnings characteristics of nurse practitioners and the implications of those changes, 2020).
Conclusion:
According to the findings of studies conducted on telehealth and RPM systems, these treatments hold a great deal of potential for improving healthcare outcomes and bolstering nursing practice. Telehealth and remote patient monitoring excel in a variety of contexts, including patient happiness and medical access, as well as clinical and financial outcomes and the efficiency of healthcare costs. Nurses' openness to new technologies, willingness to learn, and ability to involve patients in their care are all vital to the effective deployment and utilization of these tools. In addition, research, collaboration, technology, and resolving ethical and legal concerns are all vital to improving clinical outcomes. Healthcare professionals can improve patient outcomes, increase access to care, and streamline service delivery by incorporating telehealth and remote patient monitoring into nursing practice. These strategies have the potential to significantly improve nursing and healthcare in the future.
References
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