The Third-Generation Semiconductor: Tremendous Potential in High-Power Applications
On December 11th, AEMEnergy’s Chief Engineer, Han Heguang, shared insights on “The Applications and Challenges of Third-Generation Semiconductors in Energy Storage PCS” at GGE Energy Storage Annual Conference in Shenzhen, highlighting cutting-edge advancements in key component technology.
The Evolution of Semiconductor Technology
Semiconductor technology has progressed through three generations, each complementing rather than replacing its predecessor. The first generation, represented by silicon and germanium, laid the foundation, followed by the second generation with gallium arsenide and indium phosphide. Third-generation semiconductors, characterized by gallium nitride (GaN) and silicon carbide (SiC), are driving advancements today. While first-generation semiconductors' switching and thermal limitations have hindered the power density of energy storage PCS, third-generation materials, with faster switching speeds and superior thermal stability, unlock significant potential in high-power density applications.
Applications of GaN and SiC in Energy Storage PCS
Gallium nitride (GaN) and silicon carbide (SiC) outperform traditional silicon with their higher switching frequencies, significantly impacting PCS system efficiency and design.
• Residential Energy Storage PCS:
With a power range of 3-15kW, these systems are well-suited for GaN, achieving switching frequencies of 100-200kHz.
• Commercial and Industrial PCS:
Up to 150kW: SiC enables switching frequencies around 60kHz.
String-type PCS (up to 450kW): Typically reaches switching frequencies of 30kHz.
Centralized and high-voltage PCS: Designed for higher power capacities, their switching frequencies are generally lower, from several hundred Hz to a few kHz.
The tailored use of GaN and SiC in different PCS types is driving advancements in energy storage technology.
GaN and SiC in Different PCS Applications
Due to current manufacturing limitations, gallium nitride (GaN) is best suited for applications below 900V, while silicon carbide (SiC) excels in scenarios above 1000V. GaN holds an advantage in residential energy storage applications, whereas SiC is more effective in commercial, industrial, and string-type PCS systems. For centralized and high-voltage direct-mounted PCS, silicon-based devices remain the preferred choice due to their cost-effectiveness and stability in high-voltage environments.
Advancements in PCS with Third-Generation Semiconductor Technology
With the advancement of third-generation power semiconductor technology, PCS products with higher voltage, greater conversion efficiency, and enhanced power density are making significant progress. This year, AEMEnergy unveiled the world’s first “Quasi-Resonant Soft-Switching SiC Modular PCS,” which integrates 3S depth, supports multi-machine parallel operation, and ensures 100% balanced load. Built on this high-efficiency energy storage system, it integrates the battery, Battery Management System (BMS), high-efficiency storage inverter, energy management system, and thermal management system into a single standardized outdoor cabinet, forming a highly efficient, integrated energy storage solution.
This integrated energy storage system boasts high efficiency, high power density, compact size, low noise, and enhanced production efficiency. It features overall insulation, optimized air duct design, and intelligent temperature control technology, with 99% of the system undergoing heat insulation treatment, reducing air conditioning thermal loss by 20%. Additionally, the high-efficiency storage inverter and optimal fitting technology for battery strings ensure the system achieves a maximum efficiency of over 90%.
With ongoing technological advancements and continuous product upgrades, AEMEnergy is steadily progressing towards a path of high-tech, high-efficiency, and high-quality development. The company remains committed to driving new technologies, business models, and dynamic forces, contributing even more to the development of energy storage and renewable energy applications.
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