Understanding FRR VS FRL: Fire Resistance Ratings Explained

When it comes to fire safety in building design, a couple of terms often come up: Fire Resistance Rating (FRR) and Fire Resistance Level (FRL).

At first glance, they might seem different, but the truth is, they’re essentially the same thing—tested to identical standards but referred to by different names depending on where you are.

This distinction might seem small, but understanding it is crucial for anyone working in the building industry.

Whether you’re an architect, contractor, or building manager, knowing how these ratings apply can make the difference between a compliant, fire-safe building and one that puts lives at risk

FRR vs. FRL: Same Concept, Different Names

In New Zealand, we use the term Fire Resistance Rating (FRR).

It measures how well a building element, like a wall, floor, or door, can withstand fire.

FRR is expressed as three numbers, such as 120/120/120, representing the time (in minutes) the element can:

1. Maintain structural adequacy (stay standing under fire conditions).
2. Provide integrity (stop flames and gases from spreading).
3. Offer insulation (keep the unexposed side cool enough to touch).

These ratings are determined through testing conducted under the AS 1530.4 standard—the recognized benchmark for fire performance in building materials and structures.

In Australia, the same concept exists, but they use the term Fire Resistance Level (FRL).

The numbers, the testing methods, and the performance criteria are all the same. The only difference is the terminology.

So, whether it’s FRR in New Zealand or FRL in Australia, both measure a building element’s ability to resist fire and meet the same rigorous safety requirements.

Why Understanding FRR and FRL Matters

Now, you might wonder, why does this terminology matter? Because fire resistance ratings are the backbone of passive fire protection.

They’re what ensure that your building can contain a fire long enough for people to evacuate and for emergency services to respond effectively.

Take an FRR of 120/120/120, for example. This means the element can:

• Maintain structural adequacy for 120 minutes.
• Prevent flame and gas passage for 120 minutes.
• Limit heat transfer for 120 minutes.

These aren’t arbitrary numbers—they’re life-saving benchmarks.

They guide the selection of materials and ensure that the building performs as expected during a fire.

Breaking Down Fire Resistance Testing

To really understand FRR and FRL, you need to know how they’re tested. These ratings are built on three key components:

Structural Adequacy

This measures whether the element can bear loads under fire conditions without collapsing or undergoing significant deformation.

For walls, floors, and columns, structural adequacy is essential for maintaining the building’s stability during a fire.

Integrity

Integrity assesses whether the element can stop flames and hot gases from spreading.

Think of a fire-rated door that prevents flames from moving to adjacent rooms—it’s the integrity component doing the heavy lifting.

Insulation

Insulation tests whether the element can limit heat transfer to the unexposed side.

For instance, a wall with high insulation will keep temperatures on the other side safe enough for people to evacuate or for firefighters to operate.

These components work together to provide comprehensive fire resistance, protecting lives and limiting damage.

How FRR Fits into Building Compliance

In New Zealand, FRR is a fundamental part of our building compliance framework.

Every building element must meet the minimum FRR required for its role in the structure. For example:

• A load-bearing wall in a high-rise might need an FRR of 120/120/120.
• A fire door in a residential property might require an FRR of -/60/30.

As a passive fire installation company, Bakker PFI ensures that every product and system we use meets or exceeds the required FRR for its specific application.

We’re not just meeting code—we’re ensuring real-world fire performance.

Practical Takeaways for Building Professionals

Whether you’re designing, constructing, or managing a building, here are some actionable steps to keep in mind:

1. Specify Correctly: Always check the FRR requirements for your project and select materials that meet or exceed these standards.
2. Install Professionally: Even the best products won’t perform if they’re not installed correctly. Engage certified passive fire protection experts to get it right.
3. Document Thoroughly: Maintain detailed records of the FRR for all installed systems. This is crucial for compliance and future maintenance.
4. Inspect Regularly: Over time, systems can degrade or be compromised by renovations. Schedule regular inspections to ensure ongoing compliance and effectiveness.

Why FRR and FRL Are Essential

Understanding FRR and FRL isn’t just about technical details—it’s about ensuring safety.

These ratings guide us in creating fire-safe buildings, from containing fire and smoke to providing enough time for safe evacuation.

At Bakker PFI, we live and breathe fire protection.

We’re here to help you navigate these requirements, ensuring your building not only meets compliance standards but also provides real protection when it matters most.

Ben’s Wrap

Whether you call it FRR or FRL, the principle is the same: it’s about saving lives and protecting property.

By prioritizing fire resistance in your building projects, you’re contributing to a safer built environment for everyone.

If you’re unsure about your building’s fire resistance requirements or need expert guidance, don’t hesitate to get in touch.

At Bakker PFI, we’re passionate about helping you achieve compliance and peace of mind.

Let’s work together to build a safer future.

Ben Bakker

www.bakkerpfi.com

This article was first published here

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