What are Governance Tokens

What are Governance Tokens

Do you know the difference between governance tokens and utility? Here's everything you need to know. 

Introduction

Have you heard the buzz about governance tokens in the crypto world? These tokens are putting the power back into the hands of the community, allowing everyone a chance to vote on important matters. But what exactly are these tokens, and how do they compare to other tokens you find on the market? Whether you're just getting started or have dabbled in crypto, in this article, we will give you a clear understanding of what governance tokens are, how they work to support blockchain networks, and how users can leverage them. 

What are governance tokens?

Governance tokens are a type of cryptocurrency that gives holders a say in the decision-making processes of blockchain projects. Think of them as a digital version of a shareholder vote; token holders could influence the direction and policies of a DeFi protocol or decentralized autonomous organization (DAO). They are essential in supporting and maintaining a genuinely decentralized system since they can impact the development direction of the project.  Unlike traditional cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, which are mainly used for transactions, governance tokens are all about participation and voting. While Bitcoin is used in trading, governance tokens are similar to a voting ballot where holders can vote on protocol upgrades, software changes, or even how funds are allocated within a project.  Governance tokens are the closest we come to a democratic system since no single entity can dominate decision-making, and there are no ways to impact decisions without the network observing them.   

How do governance tokens work?

Governance tokens empower their holders by granting them voting rights on various proposals related to a blockchain project's development and operations. Each token typically represents one vote, although some projects may implement different voting mechanisms.  When a proposal is introduced, token holders cast their votes, and the consensus mechanism evaluates the collective opinion to determine if the proposal should be implemented.  Voting power is generally proportional to the number of tokens held. This means the more tokens you have, the more influence your vote has in the decisions of the protocol. However, make no mistake; this doesn't mean smaller holders are left out of the process. In decentralized voting, active participation from all token holders is encouraged, regardless of their holdings, to ensure diverse perspectives are considered. 

Difference between governance tokens and utility tokens

While governance tokens and utility tokens may seem similar, there's a critical difference: voting power. Utility tokens, as their name says, are used to access products on the blockchain, such as paying for transactions and deploying a decentralized application.  Governance tokens are used for decision-making and voting within a project, allowing holders to participate actively in the network. While there are protocols that have deployed a single token for both utility and governance, their core value still lies in their ability to facilitate community-driven decision-making. 

Why are governance tokens valuable?

Bootstrap growth  When a DeFi project is launched, it needs users and liquidity to grow. By issuing governance tokens, projects can attract early adopters, incentivizing users to participate actively in the project.  Align incentives  Governance tokens help align the interests of token holders with the project's goals. Token holders generally want to see the project succeed, and by giving these holders voting power, governance tokens help ensure decisions are made with the community's best interests in mind.  Protect the protocol  Governance tokens empower holders to participate in key decisions like protocol upgrades and bug fixes, ensuring the project stays secure and resilient against challenges. By involving everyone in the decision-making, they create an inclusive and transparent environment, making complex processes easier to understand and accessible to all. 

Examples of governance tokens

Some popular governance tokens in the crypto and DeFi spaces include: 

  • Uniswap (UNI): Uniswap's UNI token enables holders to vote on changes to this decentralized exchange, including fee structures and liquidity rewards. 
  • Aave (AAVE): AAVE token holders have a say in protocol development, treasury management, and more for this decentralized lending platform. 

Why aren't governance tokens securities

Governance tokens are typically not considered securities because they don't guarantee profits or dividends, as traditional securities do. Instead, they provide holders with voting rights. This distinction is essential, as securities are typically subject to strict regulatory requirements that could hinder the growth and innovation of blockchain projects.  Thus, by focusing on participation and voting rather than profit-sharing, these tokens avoid the regulatory burdens associated with traditional securities, allowing projects to maintain their decentralized nature. 

How do DAOs utilize governance tokens?

Decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) are a key component of the DeFi ecosystem, and governance tokens play a central role in their operations. DAOs use governance tokens to enable community-driven decision-making, allowing members to propose and vote on various initiatives, such as funding allocations, software upgrades, and governance policies.  By distributing governance tokens to their members, DAOs ensure that decision-making power is decentralized and that all stakeholders have a voice in the organization's future. This participatory approach fosters collaboration and innovation, enabling DAOs to adapt and evolve in response to the needs and preferences of their communities. 

Types of governance tokens

  • Protocol Tokens: These tokens govern the protocol's core functions, such as Compound's COMP or Uniswap's UNI. 
  • Application-Specific Tokens: These tokens govern specific features within a dApp, often giving holders voting power on smaller, application-specific decisions. 
  • Dual-Token Systems: Some projects use a dual-token system, where one token serves as a utility token, and the other is a governance token, such as Curve's CRV and veCRV model. 

How do you vote with governance tokens?

To vote, holders typically need to have their tokens staked. Here, they can view and create proposals for the entire network. Once a proposal is submitted, token holders can cast their votes, with voting power generally proportional to the number of tokens held.  Some platforms also allow token holders to delegate their voting power to trusted individuals, enabling them to participate in the governance process without actively casting votes. This flexibility ensures that all token holders can have a say in the project's future, even if they cannot vote directly. 

Where do you get governance tokens?

Governance tokens are normally distributed in the early stages of a project or during the test net phase. These cases can include providing DeFi liquidity or actively contributing to a DAO. Post-launch tokens can be purchased, but most users get a hold of these tokens through airdrops and reward-specific activities such as staking or tasks. 

Governance tokens and the future of DeFi

Governance tokens are a vital component of the DeFi ecosystem, enabling community-driven decision-making and fostering a sense of ownership among stakeholders. By giving token holders a voice in the governance process, these tokens empower the community to shape the future of blockchain projects and ensure that they remain decentralized and resilient.  As the DeFi space continues to grow and evolve, governance tokens will play an increasingly important role in driving innovation, fostering collaboration, and promoting transparency. By aligning the interests of token holders with the project's goals, these tokens help create a more inclusive and equitable financial system that benefits all participants. 

Conclusion

Governance tokens are revolutionizing the way decisions are made in the world of blockchain and DeFi as the entire global ecosystem is built to foster innovation, collaboration, and transparency.  These types of tokens are the closest we've come to a democratic and transparent system, and for those looking to participate and actively see a blockchain grow, understanding the role and value of governance tokens is essential.  With this knowledge, you could make informed decisions about engaging with and contributing to the projects that matter most to you. Whether you're a crypto beginner or an experienced user, governance tokens offer a unique opportunity to be part of a decentralized future.

 

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide investment, legal, accounting, tax or any other advice and should not be relied on in that or any other regard. The information contained herein is for information purposes only and is not to be construed as an offer or solicitation for the sale or purchase of cryptocurrencies or otherwise.


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