The World Banking Effect

Welcome to another project done by yours truly. For this project I have been "hired" as a data analyst to look over all the bank loans for the World Bank and provide insights based on the data.

The World Bank is an international organization owned by 187 independent countries. Its role is to lend money to members' governments to improve economies and help raise the standard of living. In 1960 IDA (International Development Association) was established to reduce poverty by providing zero to low-interest rate loans called credits and grants.

Why?

As a data analyst I am always excited and interested in analyzing different types of data sets. My goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of the countries that are borrowing loans from the IDA and to help the World Bank make informed decisions on how they can enhance their ability to empower their members' countries in different ways.

Key Takeaways

• There are 1,180,550 total transactions with the World Bank as of today
• The total amount of loans is more than $21 Trillion! ($21,462,315,414,080.83)
• Ukraine has the largest transaction amount for a single loan but has one of the least amount of total transactions
• India contributes 16% of all loans incurred and 5% of all transactions made

Data

For this project we are using dataset from The World Bank. You can find the data here. This data is kept up to date quarterly by the World Bank. The most recent update was June 21, 2023. It is a huge dataset, there are 1.18M rows and 30 columns in this dataset. Each row represents a credit or grant.

Analysis

Total Transactions

I started by exploring the total transactions that have been made by the World Bank using the COUNT function.

We can clearly see that the total number of transactions for the World Bank are 1,180,550.

Transactions by Country

To see which countries are getting loans from the IDA, I ran a query to see how many transactions per country have been made. I used the GROUP BY statement to total the number of transactions for each country. And then I used ORDER BY to sort the country with the highest number of transactions at the top in descending order.

The query returned 136 results. This means there are 136 countries that have borrowed from the World Bank. India is clearly the top country with the highest number of transactions.

Total Loans

To see the total amount owed to IDA I added the SUM statement in my query. It shows that the total amount of IDA loans is more than $21.4 trillion! That's a lot of money!

Max Loans

The next thing I wanted to find out was which countries have the largest amount of loans. I ran the MAX statement and used LIMIT statement in descending order to see the top 5 countries who owe the maximum amount to the IDA.

The data shown above tells us that Ukraine has the highest transaction amount for a loan owed to the IDA. This is not surprising due to the world events revolving Ukraine and their war with Russia. There are a lot of relief funds, loans and other humanitarian/refugee efforts being given to Ukraine to supplement the losses they are occurring. Other top transactional countries include India, Kenya, Nigeria, and Pakistan. This is not a SUM of the loans, this is just saying which countries have the top 5 transaction amounts.

Loans by Country

In order to find the countries that have the cumulative top loans owed, we would need to use the SUM function and add all of the transactions together and sort them in descending order.

It is clearly seen that India is the top country that borrows the most from the IDA with over $3.4 trillion! Remember that the total sum due to the IDA is nearly $21.4 Trillion. That means India contributes to 16% of the total loans due to the IDA.

And what about Ukraine? They are the highest transaction for a single loan but how are they in total sums due?

As seen above, Ukraine is the 90th country out of 136 to owe money to the IDA at $4.9 Billion. That's 1/1000 the amount of India. In addition, Ukraine only has 12 total transactions (seen below) in comparison to India's 61,419 transactions. That's 5000x more transactions than Ukraine.

India's Allocations

Because India is by far the most borrowing country and biggest transaction country, I wanted to dive deeper into their specific data. I want to see who the top borrower group is, which projects India is spending their money on, and how much has been paid back.

From the query, we can see that one of the top borrowers is the Controller of Aid Accounts & Audit. They help with projects like improving Highways, Irrigation, Floods, Railways, Telecomm, Agriculture, etc.

Now looking into the top spending projects, I used the ORDER BY and AND functions.

From here, we can see that the biggest disbursement projects that have not been paid back are ones relating to education. A lot of money and assets are being sent to India to focus on education as a means for improving their status, economy, and poverty.

Finally, looking at how much India has paid back to the IDA, we see that they have repaid $2.5 Trillion of their $3.4 Trillion Borrowed.

Conclusion

The World Bank is an impressive organization that's helping many countries to improve their economy, way of life and education. The 1,180,550 total transactions and more than $21 Trillion loans given have allowed many countries to increase in various facets. Ukraine in particular has benefitted significantly from the World Bank as it has undergone an intense battle for freedom in recent times. They don't have a lot of transactions, which shows they want to be independent. Whereas the country of India contributes 16% of all loans incurred and 5% of all transactions made. They do a good job of paying back loans that have been given to them.

If the World Bank can help countries like Ukraine and India in their unique circumstances, there are many other countries who could benefit likewise.

Thank you for reading all of this. If you have any questions feel free to comment below or connect with me Brock Johnson here on LinkedIn.

I am looking for new opportunities in the data world, so if you hear of any or are in the market please reach out, thanks!