Yak Cheese (Himalayan Dog Chew) of Nepal: A Comprehensive Overview

Introduction:

Yak cheese, also known as Himalayan Dog Chew, holds a unique position in the pet industry, attracting attention for its durability and nutritional benefits. This article explores the history, production capacity, current stock, global exports, challenges, and potential growth of Yak cheese (Hard cheese) in Nepal.

History:

The tradition of making Yak cheese in Nepal dates back centuries, rooted in the Himalayan culture. The practice of crafting these durable chews began as a way to preserve dairy products in the harsh mountain conditions, ensuring a reliable source of nutrition for both humans and animals during the harsh winter months. Previously chews were only been eaten by humans but later on it’s been used as good protein intake for dogs and been widely popular throughout the world. The main hub for producing chews are in Eastern part of Nepal.

Production Capacity and Current Stock in Nepal:

Nepal boasts a significant production capacity for Yak cheese, with numerous producers contributing to the market. The high-altitude regions of Nepal, where yaks thrive, provide an ideal environment for the production of this unique dog chew. The current stock available in Nepal is substantial, meeting the demand for both domestic and international markets. Chews are made from Yak or cow milk so the flow of milk in Nepal is high now so the production of chew is also high.

Top 10 Countries Supplied:

Yak cheese has gained popularity globally, and Nepal exports this unique dog chew to various countries. The top 10 countries that receive Yak cheese from Nepal include the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, Germany, France, Japan, South Korea, China, and Singapore. In these some countries are routed illegally from India. The demand in these countries continues to grow, reflecting the global appeal of this Himalayan treat.

Current Scenario of Ghee in Nepal:

In the context of dairy products, ghee plays a vital role in Nepal. What quantity we produce chew same quantity of Ghee or Butter is produced. The current scenario of ghee in Nepal is robust, with a steady demand both domestically and internationally. The quality of Nepali ghee is highly regarded, contributing to its presence in the global market. In Nepal currently more than 3000 ton ghee is excess. Last week only i was in Nepal tour of Dairy and i found this unexpected result of excess Ghee.

Main Producers and Production Quantities:

Key players in the Yak cheese industry in Nepal include local farmers, cooperatives, and private enterprises. The production quantities vary among producers, with some focusing on small-scale artisanal production, while others operate on a larger scale to meet the growing demand. Producers employ traditional methods passed down through generations, ensuring the authenticity and quality of the product. 70% of Production held in eastern hilly part of Nepal.

Storage:

Yak cheese requires proper storage to maintain its quality and durability. Producers typically store the chews in cool, dry environments to prevent spoilage. Adequate storage facilities are crucial to preserving the unique texture and flavor of Yak cheese. It’s like a baby so we need to take care of it very well.

Logistic Issues in the Global Market:

The global market for Yak cheese faces logistical challenges, including transportation and customs clearance. Ensuring the timely and efficient delivery of products to international markets remains a priority for Nepali exporters. Collaboration between stakeholders, including government agencies and logistics providers, is essential to streamline the export process. Nepal is landlocked country so we need to route the product via land and then sea, so for customer’s freight cost is high.

Temperature Control:

Maintaining temperature control during transportation is crucial for preserving the integrity of Yak cheese. Specialized packaging and transportation methods are employed to prevent exposure to extreme temperatures that could compromise the quality of the product.

Credit Facility for Goods Not Available for Export from Nepal:

One challenge in the Yak cheese industry is the limited availability of credit facilities for goods not yet exported. To support producers and exporters, the government and financial institutions should consider implementing policies that facilitate credit access for businesses involved in the export of unique products like Yak cheese. In other countries there is credit insurance but in Nepal we don’t have it so exporter have to send goods in High risk as only certain amount of money is coming before dispatch.

India Issue:

An ongoing issue pertains to the restriction on exporting Yak cheese from Nepal to India. Some resort to illegal channels to supply Yak cheese to India, impacting the country's overall export data. Resolving this issue through diplomatic channels is crucial for the fair trade of dairy products between the two nations. From India also there are many illegal ways where they send dairy products to Nepal but we can’t have it in legal ways. Nepal Government also have to look into this.

Third-Country Restrictions:

Certain countries, including those in the EU, UK, and Australia, pose restrictions on importing Yak cheese from Nepal. Despite Nepal being free from Foot and Mouth diseases for an extended period and the meticulous process of heating the milk in more than 85 degree Celsius for two times to kill bacteria, barriers to entry still exist. Government initiatives and international cooperation are needed to address these restrictions, opening up new markets for Yak cheese.

Manufacturing Process:

The manufacturing process of Yak cheese involves traditional methods passed down through generations. Milk is heated to over 85 degrees Celsius twice, ensuring the elimination of bacteria. The resulting product is then shaped and dried, creating the durable and nutritious Yak cheese chews loved by dogs worldwide.

International Growing Opportunity:

The international market for Yak cheese presents a significant growth opportunity. As pet owners worldwide seek natural and durable treats for their furry companions, the demand for Yak cheese is expected to rise. Producers and exporters should capitalize on this opportunity by maintaining high-quality standards, exploring new markets, and collaborating to establish a strong global presence. Current Global pet food market is 120 billion dollar and expected to raise 150 billion dollar in coming year.

Exporter Collaboration and Pricing:

To ensure the sustainable growth of the Yak cheese industry, exporters should collaborate rather than compete fiercely. Maintaining fair pricing practices is essential to prevent a race to the bottom that could compromise the quality of the product. By working together, exporters can collectively strengthen the reputation of Yak cheese (Hard cheese) and contribute to the industry's long-term success.

Tariff in 2026 and its impact:

Nepal could lose 4.3% of exports because of tariff changes when it graduates from least developed country status in 2026. The removal of preferential tariffs will especially affect the apparel, synthetic textile fabric and carpet sectors. Losses will mostly occur in exports to China, the European Union, and Turkey. Still not any update on Yak chew (Hard cheese) from Government of Nepal.

Conclusion:

Yak cheese, or Himalayan Dog Chew, has become a symbol of Nepal's rich cultural heritage and a sought-after treat for pets globally. As the industry continues to grow, it is crucial to address logistical challenges, regulatory barriers, and international trade restrictions. Collaboration among producers, exporters, and governments can create a sustainable and thriving market for this unique product, presenting an exciting international growth opportunity.

Bishow Bandu Sharma

Dog Chew researcher