TITLE:
An Assessment Study of Usefulness of Using Olive (Olea europaea L.) Leaves in Biomonitoring the Air Pollution near Baniyas Oil Refinery, Syria: Estimating of Total Phenolic Compounds and Lead, Copper and Manganese in Olive Leaves
AUTHORS:
Abeer Mahfoud, Kamel Khalil, Chahid Moustapha
KEYWORDS:
Biomonitoring, Total Phenolic Compounds, Biomarker, Heavy Metals, Olive Leaves, Baniyas Oil Refinery
JOURNAL NAME:
American Journal of Plant Sciences,
Vol.9 No.12,
November
30,
2018
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was
to estimate the total amount of phenolic compounds of olive trees leaves (Olea europaea L.) as
a biomarker for the assessment of heavy metals (HMs) air pollution (Pb, Cu and
Mn) in Baniyas area. Olive trees were selected as the predominant species in
the study area. Samples were collected from 6 locations at different distances
from the vicinity of Baniyas refinery (0.1, 0.5, 2, 4, 6, 10) Km. The control
was taken from an area about 20 km from the refinery to the north-east
(Al-Qardaha rural). The concentration of total phenolic compounds (TPC) during
the summer was (45.6 - 70.85) mg GAE/g dw, and
during winter (35.6 - 52.9) mg GAE/g dw. The
concentrations of the studied HMs (Pb, Cu and Mn) in unwashed leaves during
summer were (0.879 - 2.170) ppm, (0.75 - 5.21) ppm and (54.38 - 8.78) ppm respectively,
whilst during the winter concentrations were (0.479 - 1.023) ppm, (1.54 - 7.29) ppm and (53.79 - 7.58) ppm respectively.
The results showed significant differences in the concentration of total
phenolic compounds and HMs (Pb, Cu and Mn) between sites (ANOVA), significant differences
in concentrations of both total phenols and HMs (Pb and Cu) between summer and
winter at all sites (t-test,
p t-test,
p t-test,
p