Avant de commencer votre audit qualité, vous devez avoir un objectif et une portée clairs et spécifiques. Qu’essayez-vous d’accomplir avec votre vérification? Quels aspects de votre chaîne d’approvisionnement allez-vous examiner? Jusqu’où allez-vous aller ? Vous devez aligner vos objectifs et votre portée d’audit sur vos objectifs stratégiques, les exigences de vos clients et vos normes de qualité. Vous devez également tenir compte des ressources, du temps et du budget disponibles pour votre audit. En définissant vos objectifs et votre portée d’audit, vous pouvez concentrer vos efforts et éviter de perdre du temps et de l’argent sur des activités non pertinentes ou redondantes.
Purpose: Clearly define the purpose of the audit. Strategic Goals: Align the audit objectives with organization's strategic goals. Customer Requirements: Take into account the expectations and requirements of customers. Quality Standards and Regulations: Determine which quality standards, industry-specific guidelines, and regulatory requirements are applicable to the supply chain. Depth and Breadth: Consider the depth and breadth of the audit. Available Resources: Evaluate the resources, including personnel, time, and budget, available for the audit. Timeline: Define the timeline for the audit. Stakeholder Expectations: Engage relevant stakeholders such as senior management and QA teams to understand their expectations for the audit.
O sucesso para uma boa auditoria de fornecedores é, primeiramente, entender o escopo da auditoria (limites), isso evitará cenários que não são pertinentes ao processo da auditoria. Outro ponto importante, realizar um planejamento de execução, isso inclui: preparação de uma trilha, verificar o relatório da última auditoria ou auto-avaliação, analisar com antecedência procedimentos, indicadores e reclamações de clientes, avaliar como são tratadas as não conformidades internas, formação e capacitação dos auditores internos, etc. Sobretudo, o mais interessante, se tratando das normas ISO 9001:2015 e IATF 16949:2016 está na gestão do risco do negócio, pois é esta análise que assegurar a continuidade e até mesmo a longevidade do fornecedor.
For instance, when auditing a beverage company's supply chain, objectives might target assessing adherence to safety standards in ingredient sourcing. The scope could span checking supplier processes, transportation hygiene, and storage facilities. It’s pivotal to ensure these align with the overarching goal of delivering a high-quality, safe product. Setting these parameters beforehand ensures the audit remains focused, maximizing resource utilization while upholding the brand's quality promise.
Une fois que vous avez défini vos objectifs et votre portée d’audit, vous devez choisir les critères et les méthodes appropriés pour votre audit. Les critères sont les points de référence ou les références que vous utiliserez pour évaluer la qualité de votre chaîne d’approvisionnement. Ils peuvent provenir de diverses sources, telles que les normes de l’industrie, les meilleures pratiques, les commentaires des clients ou les politiques internes. Les méthodes sont les techniques ou les outils que vous utiliserez pour collecter et analyser des données sur la qualité de votre chaîne d’approvisionnement. Il peut s’agir d’entrevues, d’enquêtes, d’observations, d’inspections, de tests ou d’audits. Vous devez sélectionner les critères et les méthodes qui sont pertinents, fiables et valides pour vos objectifs et votre portée d’audit.
For an audit focusing on material quality, criteria might encompass industry quality standards and feedback from customer reviews. Employing methods like interviews with material suppliers, inspections of raw materials, and tests on mattress durability would be apt. Ensuring the chosen criteria and methods are robust and pertinent ensures the audit effectively gauges adherence to set standards, safeguarding product integrity.
Relevant Criteria: Identify criteria that are directly related to audit objectives and scope. Reliable Criteria: Ensure that the selected criteria are reliable and have a solid basis. Valid Criteria: Choose criteria that are valid and measure what they are intended to measure. Mix of Quantitative and Qualitative Methods: Utilize a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to gather data about Supply chain's quality. Diverse Data Collection Techniques: Select a variety of data collection techniques that are appropriate for audit objectives. Risk-Based Approach: Incorporate a risk-based approach when selecting criteria and methods. Continuous Improvement: Review and update audit criteria and methods.
Um bom auditor detém um amplo conhecimento dos inúmeros processos auditados e, também uma boa referência de benchmarking de outros processos semelhantes. Entretanto, a conduta do auditor deve ser imparcial, objetiva e clara. Todavia, o critério a ser adotado deve ser de acordo com os fatos e dados apresentados, conforme o sistema de gestão auditado. Não é permitido fazer inferência durante a auditoria, nem tampouco julgar um processo com base em achismos. O método que eu utilizo, nas minhas auditorias de fornecedores até os dias de hoje: Entradas: normas procedimentos, instruções, indicadores, etc; Processos: analise das evidencias apresentadas com as entradas; Saídas: constatação de conformidade ou não conformidade.
Une fois que vous avez vos critères et méthodes d’audit, vous devez planifier et préparer vos activités d’audit. Cela implique la conception de votre plan d’audit, qui décrit les étapes, les tâches, les responsabilités et les échéanciers de votre audit. Vous devez également préparer votre liste de contrôle d’audit, qui répertorie les questions, les éléments ou les indicateurs que vous utiliserez pour évaluer la qualité de votre chaîne d’approvisionnement. Vous devez communiquer votre plan d’audit et votre liste de contrôle à votre équipe d’audit, ainsi qu’à vos partenaires de la chaîne d’approvisionnement, qui peuvent être impliqués ou affectés par votre audit. Vous devez vous assurer que tout le monde comprend et s’entend sur les objectifs, l’étendue, les critères, les méthodes et les attentes de l’audit.
Suppose the audit focuses on production efficiency. The plan might detail a step-by-step examination of each production phase, assigning tasks to specific team members, and setting timelines. A checklist might probe machinery maintenance routines, downtime incidents, and material wastage rates. Sharing this plan and checklist with both the audit team and key manufacturing personnel ensures clarity. This transparency helps in setting clear expectations and ensures a smooth audit process that genuinely identifies areas for improvement.
Um planejamento da auditoria garante a efetividade e o sucesso da mesma. Logo, um bom planejamento requer os seguintes cuidados por parte da equipe auditoria e auditados: - Cronograma da auditoria para agendamento e preparação dos auditados; - Desenhar uma boa trilha de auditoria que aborde todos os pontos da norma a ser auditada; - Portar a norma em mãos, isso permitirá exaurir dúvidas, caso houverem; - Plano de auditoria, neste deve ser mencionado os responsáveis pelos processos e as atividades serem auditados; - Check list com de pontos importantes a serem verificados durante auditoria;
Lorsque vous êtes prêt à effectuer votre audit, vous devez suivre votre plan d’audit et votre liste de contrôle, et utiliser vos méthodes d’audit pour recueillir et enregistrer des données sur la qualité de votre chaîne d’approvisionnement. Vous devez être objectif, impartial et professionnel dans votre audit. Vous devez vérifier l’exactitude et l’exhaustivité de vos données et documenter tout écart, non-conformité ou opportunité d’amélioration que vous trouvez. Vous devez organiser et stocker vos données et documents de manière sécurisée et accessible. Vous devez également fournir des commentaires et des recommandations à vos partenaires de la chaîne d’approvisionnement, en fonction de vos conclusions.
For an audit analyzing wood sourcing sustainability, auditors might observe sourcing procedures, verify certifications, and interview suppliers. Objectivity is crucial; personal biases mustn't cloud judgment. Any discrepancies between practices and sustainability benchmarks are meticulously documented. Secure digital databases could store findings. Post-audit, these findings are shared with supply chain partners, highlighting areas of concern and suggesting improvements, ensuring the brand's commitment to sustainability remains uncompromised.
Examples of tools that can be used for quality audits in the supply chain: Supplier self-assessment questionnaires: These questionnaires can be used to collect information from suppliers about their quality management systems. Third-party audits: Third-party audits can be used to assess compliance with specific quality standards, such as ISO 9001. Root causes analysis tools: These tools can be used to identify the root causes of quality problems. Corrective and preventive action (CAPA) tools: These tools can be used to develop and implement CAPA plans to address quality problems.
Durante a realização da auditoria, o auditor deve manter uma conduta profissional, imparcial e objetiva, estes comportamentos pressupõe um processo saudável e justo. Logo, é salutar o foco em fatos e dados do processo auditado. Durante o processo de auditoria, devem ser analisados e mantidos os registros das conformidades, oportunidades de melhorias e as não conformidades constatadas. Também é importante o feedback ao auditado, seja positivo ou negativo, essas ações evitam distúrbios na reunião de fechamento da auditoria.
Une fois que vous avez terminé votre audit et documenté vos constatations, vous devez analyser et communiquer vos résultats. Vous devez utiliser des outils statistiques ou qualitatifs, tels que des tableaux, des graphiques, des tableaux ou des diagrammes, pour résumer et présenter vos données de manière claire et significative. Vous devez comparer vos données avec vos critères d’audit et identifier les forces, les faiblesses, les lacunes ou les tendances de la qualité de votre chaîne d’approvisionnement. Vous devez rédiger un rapport d’audit complet et concis, qui met en évidence les principales constatations, conclusions et recommandations de votre audit. Vous devez partager votre rapport d’audit avec vos parties prenantes et solliciter leurs commentaires et suggestions.
Post-audit of a bottling process, data might show fluctuations in bottle quality. Graphs can visually pinpoint where deviations occur. By comparing this data against established criteria, the audit might uncover that a particular supplier's bottles often fail quality checks. The audit report, concise yet detailed, would emphasize this finding and perhaps recommend supplier reassessment. Sharing this report with stakeholders ensures informed decision-making, aiming to uphold the brand's reputation for quality.
Após o término da auditoria do sistema de gestão da qualidade do fornecedor, é preciso apresentar os resultados de conclusão a todos os participantes, destaco abaixo algumas ações importantes para o fechamento de auditoria: - Se reunir com equipe auditora e exaurir dúvidas e pontos obscuros; - Como prévia, apresentar os resultados ao gestor da qualidade ou a pessoa designada pela auditoria; - Na reunião de fechamento: agradecer a disponibilidade de todos e apresentar os pontos fortes e de melhoria da organização; - Caso haja, apresentar as não conformidades e as evidencias constatadas durante o processo da auditoria; - Abordar as próximas ações a serem realizadas pela organização.
La dernière étape de votre audit qualité consiste à mettre en œuvre et à suivre vos actions d’audit. Il s’agit des mesures correctives ou préventives que vous ou vos partenaires de la chaîne d’approvisionnement devez prendre pour résoudre les problèmes ou améliorer les domaines que vous avez identifiés dans votre audit. Vous devez attribuer des rôles et des responsabilités, fixer des échéances et des objectifs, et allouer des ressources et du soutien pour vos actions d’audit. Vous devez également suivre et mesurer les progrès et les résultats de vos actions d’audit et vérifier leur efficacité et leur durabilité. Vous devez rendre compte et communiquer les résultats et les impacts de vos actions d’audit, et célébrer ou récompenser les réalisations et les améliorations.
Suppose the audit revealed inconsistent spring quality. The corrective action could involve a deeper collaboration with the spring supplier or even exploring new suppliers. Specific team members would oversee these actions with clear deadlines. Using KPIs, the company would monitor improvements in spring quality and consequent mattress durability. Regular updates to stakeholders ensure transparency. Finally, any notable improvement in product quality could be celebrated, reinforcing the value of audits and continual improvement within the organization.
Tools for conducting quality audits in your supply chain: Audit checklists: Audit checklists can help you to ensure that you cover all of the important areas of your audit. Questionnaires: Questionnaires can be used to collect information from the audited organization. Observation tools: Observation tools can be used to document what you see during your audit. Data analysis tools: Data analysis tools can be used to analyze data collected during your audit. Quality management software: Quality management software can be used to automate and streamline the audit process.
A short, true story. I used to sell & offer training support for the SQCPack+ in the UK & Europe (back in the day). Ford Motor Co. was one of the biggest users. We hired a former Ford SQA Engineer/Inspector (who did QA audits of Ford suppliers) to be part of the support team. When we were holding a user group session (which was full of Ford suppliers), the SQA Engineer entered the room with me. A burst of anger erupted..."What are they doing here!?" They were so used to the SQA Engineer playing the role of an intimidating policeman who issued 'pass' or 'fail' - 'you're no longer our supplier' edicts, that they simply couldn't believe they were there to actually improve the quality of their products and services. Prevention vs. Inspection.