[en] The decay of ¹²⁴Cs has been investigated at the ISOLDE facility and a level scheme of ¹²⁴Xe is proposed. In addition to the previously known levels of the ground state and the quasi-gamma bands, the 0⁺ and 2⁺ states of the quasi-beta band have been observed at 1268.7 and 1628.3 keV respectively

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[en] Magnetic rotation which appears as regular M1 bands in the spectra, is a well established phenomenon in several Pb isotopes. In the A = 130 region where similar M1 bands are known, e.g. in ¹²⁴ Xe and ¹²⁸Ba, it is still not clear whether it does exists. Crucial experimental observables are the B (M1) values which -are expected to decrease with in creasing spin. At Strasbourg a recoil distance measurement (RDM) with the EUROBALL spectrometer at Strasbourg and the Koeln plunger using the reaction ¹¹⁰Pd(¹⁸O, 4n) ¹²⁴Xe at a beam energy of 86 MeV yielded preliminary lifetimes of ground band states and states of the M1 band. The deduced B(M1) values show the expected behaviour for magnetic rotation. It is also shown that the experimental B(M1) values can be described as well on the basis of a rotational band. The measured B(E2) values are used to investigate the nuclear deformation of ¹²⁴Xe as well as the interaction of the ground state band with two s-bands. Spherical deformed shape coexistence is investigated by means of electromagnetic transition probabilities in the case of ¹⁸⁸Pb. Lifetimes were measured in ¹⁸⁸Pb using a novel combination of the Koeln plunger device with the GSFMA set-up at ATLAS. The reaction ⁴⁰Ca (¹⁵²Sm, 4n)¹⁸⁸Pb at a beam energy of 725 MeV in inverse kinematics is used. It is found that the lowest 2⁺ state is predominantly of prolate structure

[en] In the present work, the ¹³²Xe nucleus have been studied and three bands above the 5^-ħ state were observed. These bands are expected to be the negative parity bands, which were observed in the ¹³⁴Ba and ¹³⁶ Ce nuclei, N = 78 isotones

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[en] The separate power of one fold separator that is used to produce isotope in due form in the world is faintish now, so all-organization use the casade which is formed by serial or parallel separators to produce isotope generally speaking. ¹²⁴Xe is the isotope of keeping to the side, and its natural abundance is very low. The general method that produce isotope of ¹²⁴Xe in cascade is that the isotope of ¹²⁴Xe is enriched time after time, as far as abundance of ¹²⁴Xe make it, another method is that the isotope of¹²⁴Xe is enriched to the needful abundance by one time with a great cascade length, the other method is that add a genus of especial gas to natural Xe, then the isotope of ¹²⁴Xe is enriched to the needful abundance. Research herein before methods, and found their good and bad position. The study result is that the first method suits producing mass isotope of ¹²⁴Xe, the second method suits producing isotope of ¹²⁴Xe in laboratory, and the third method suits producing isotope of ¹²⁴Xe with a little order form. (authors)

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[en] An introduction to experimental nuclear spectroscopy is given. States, energies, widths, electromagnetic transitions, and quantum numbers are discussed, as an example the energy levels of ¹²⁴Xe are given. Much new knowledge has been obtained in recent times; conventional shape parameters β and γ that apply to nuclei with a rigid shape have been generalized to parameters called Q-invariants and K-invariants, and are also applicable to nuclei with a soft shape. The most used simple model is the rigid axial rotor model of Bohr and Mottelson, and the generalization of the model to a triaxial shape by Davidov and Fillipov. Experimental progress has been made by improving the accuracy of measurements of the lifetimes of nuclear states. Problem of unknown side feeding in fusion reactions has been solved by suitable data and novel analysis methods (particularly the work of the Dewald group in Cologne). Thus, reliable lifetimes are now available from fusion reactions, allowing the determination of the shapes of collective excitations in nuclei