[en] Tests of the isobaric multiplet mass equation for T = 2 isobaric quintets in mass 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 nuclei are surveyed, and some recent experiments are mentioned

[en] The current experimental status of isobaric mass quartets is described. After a review of the experimental situation, a discussion is made of deviations in terms of the expected wave function differences between quartet members

No abstract available

[en] Determinism in filling in the time scale with radionuclides according to the periods of their half-decay (T_1/2-periods) was revealed. This determinism is subjected to the same undulator functions that evolutionary processes are. A new classification division of radionuclides as to the value of their T_1/2-periods is suggested

[en] Deviations from the isobaric multiplet mass equation are presented and discussed for the A=7, T=3/2 quartet and the A=8, T=2 quintet.

No abstract available

[en] A new approach to the description of properties of isobaric multiplets, which does not use a conventional concept of isotopic spin and its projections in isobaric-spin space, is proposed. Within this approach, relations between excitation energies and masses of members of a multiplet are derived and their accuracy is estimated. Masses and excitation energies of (4n + 2)-quintet members with A ≥ 22 and N < 20 are calculated. The explicit expression for the isobaric mass formula is presented. 10 refs., 2 figs., 5 tabs

[en] The role of mesonic and isobar degrees of freedom in various electromagnetic processes is reviewed for light nuclei. Special emphasis is laid on the deuteron, which allows the cleanest answers within the nonrelativistic framework. The origin of the photonuclear enhancement with respect to both exchange forces and exchange currents is discussed in detail

[en] The possibility of utilizing the phenomena of positive and of negative surface ionization in connection with a mass separator for a rapid discrimination or even a selective separation of isobar nuclides of certain elements is discussed and supported by experimental results. Whereas on a clean metal surface (e.g. tungsten) only alkali elements are efficiently ionized by positive surface ionization, certain other elements may also be manipulated to have high ionization-efficiency values by increasing the work function of the substrate with a regulated coverage of electronegative ad-particles (e.g.oxygen). A preselection of such elements is thus possible if under the same surface conditions isobar nuclides of the neighbouring elements have very small values of the ionization efficiency. In the case of neighbouring elements having almost equal values of the ionization energy, other surface effects can often be utilized for an identification of the nuclides: 1)the desorption of some elements in the form of oxides under special conditions of temperature and oxygen pressure, and (2) the high desorption energy of certain elements which prectically do not desorb at lower temperatures. Thus, apart from the nuclides of the alkalis, those of a variety of other elements (e.g.earth alkalis and elements of the IIIb group) may be identified with the help of positive surface ionization. The negative surface ionization can be used for a selective separation of the elements of the halogen group. In this case high values of the ionization efficiency can be obtained only at low values of the work function. Preliminary results which have been obtained by a deposition of electropositive ad-layers on a tungsten surface are reported. (Auth.)

[en] Roughly 25 years ago, John Anderson, the late Calvin Wong, John McClure, and Stewart Bloom made an interesting discovery. John and his colleagues had set out to measure the systematics of nuclear temperatures. They were to look at the spectra of evaporated neutrons from compound nuclei created by proton bombardment of various targets. The evaporation spectra should be smooth functions of energy. The smooth functions were there, but there was a sharp peak superimposed. No known physical phenomenon could produce the sharp peak, so it had to be an artifact of the electronics. However, John and his colleagues convinced themselves that the time-to-pulse-height converters were working right. Well then, it had to be a contaminant in the target. Sharp peaks had been seen for isospin mirror transitions, but this target, ₂₃⁵¹V₂₈, had five excess neutrons, so there could not be a mirror transition. The prevailing dogma was that isotopic spin, as it was then called, was a bad quantum number because the Coulomb force was so strong. Well, John and his colleagues set about to calculate the Z of the contaminant mirror transition that would put the sharp peak at the observed energy. They found Z = 23, that of the vanadium target ! They had discovered the existence of sharp isospin multiplet states in nonmirror nuclei. Dogmas are forced to change, and jargon changes. We now accept the idea that Fermi transition strength is concentrated in a sharp state, the IAS. CVC and PCAC are good buzz acronyms that get you accelerator time from PACs. But the discovery made by Anderson, Wong, McClure, and Bloom still stands as the most important finding in nuclear structure in over a quarter of a century