[en] New models and data exist for analyzing population densities along transport routes. Input values used in older studies that have calculated the risk of nuclear transport should be compared to those calculated using current techniques and data. The study used as reference for this analysis was shown to have input values that are significantly different from values calculated in this study; however, the overall change to radiological consequence for accident-free transit, for example, is only about 7%. Furthermore, it was shown that routing shipments over special routes that avoid population centers does not reduce the consequence from accident-free transport below the consequence expected if general commerce routes were used

[en] Radiotherapy patterns were determined in all 34 487 cancer patients diagnosed between 1975 and 1989 in south-eastern Netherlands, a densely populated and prosperous area with a greying population of almost 1 million inhabitants. Specialised care was available in 10 community hospitals with expanding staffs and in a non-academic radiotherapy centre, the distance never exceeding 50 km. With respect to western Europe the cancer incidence rates for this area were relatively high for males and average for females during this period. We computed overall and tumour-specific percentages of patients receiving radiotherapy as primary treatment (RT1a) and estimated this for initial treatment of recurrence or metastasis (RT1b). The total number of patients receiving RT1a increased by about 2% per year, but age-adjusted figures remained stable at 36% for females and increased from 28% to 32% for males. Since 1986 about 40% of all new cases receive RT1a and RT1b and about 40% of all RT1a undergo secondary radiotherapy for recurrence or metastasis. Of all male and female patients 70% and 50%, respectively, were over 60. Diverse underlying tumour-specific trends in RT1a were observed: children and adolescents with cancer received RT1a less often (25% vs. 40%) as did patients with cervical (55% vs. 80%), ovarian (9% vs. 17%), small cell lung (25% vs. 55%) and non-melanoma skin cancer (5% vs. 55%); patients with stage 1 breast (70% vs. 45%), rectal (30% vs. 10%) and prostate cancer (31% vs. 13%) and adenocarcinoma of the lung (40% vs. 20%) received RT1a more often. Despite easy access to specialised care, waiting lists for radiotherapy (until 1987) and more diverse referral and treatment policies in the non-academic setting may have led to a modest application of radiotherapy

[en] A simplified system giving the evolution of the densities of the various ionization levels of a light impurity atom in a tokamak discharge is proposed. This system includes in the expression of the flux for each level a neoclassical and an anomalous part. The neoclassical part can be shown to take, under some hpothesis, a simple form useful for numerical applications. The anomalous part is mainly induced by the electron anomaly which develops in the course of the discharge, making these anomalies closely linked. This situation, in which there is a restricted number of free adjustable parameters, is called the modified neoclassical regime. The analysis has been applied to a well documented TFR discharge in which the densities of four ionization levels have been simultaneously and independently measured. Good agreement with experimental results is found, thus providing an interesting approach to the study of the electron anomaly itself through its link to the impurities

[en] The population dynamic of diamondback moth larva in the field was studied at Khao Khor High-land Agricultural Research Station during August-October 1993 and February-April 1994. The distribution patterns of diamondback moth larva was clumped when population was low and would change to be random when population was high. The maximun and minimum number of diamondback moth in the field were 71,203 and 2,732 larva/rai during March and September. Temperature, rainfall and age of cabbage were slightly relative with number of larva (r=-0.2891, p=0.30; r=-0.2816, p=0.31 and r=0.2931, p=0.29 respectively) but relative humidity has no effect on number of larva

[en] The Nuclear Regulatory Commission is in the process of reviewing guidelines and regulations associated with population distribution criteria around nuclear power plant sites. The purpose of this paper is to describe the methodology for calculating population distributions in the US and then evaluating specific population criteria and their effect upon the selection of future nuclear power plant sites. Through the use of computer systems, different alternatives may be evaluated for individual sites or for major regions of the country to determine their restrictiveness on siting nuclear plants. Two types of criteria were used. They involved the analysis of population distributions radially out from each possible site and the study of angular distributions around each site. Results are presented in both tabular and graphic form using national, regional, and site-level computer maps. 5 references, 39 figures, 8 tables

[en] Following the definition provided by the EU-funded FUSIONS project (food use for social innovation by optimising waste prevention strategies), this work estimates food waste at the provincial level (NUTS-3) in Italy, using official records on separate waste collection over the 2004–2014 time span. Moreover, it sheds some light on how economic and socio-demographic characteristics affect food waste levels and composition. We run a fixed effects panel regression taking into account a number of socio-economic factors. Our results show that food waste is positively affected by population density and consumption levels, while it is negatively affected by the share of women, elderly people, immigrants and unemployed in the population. We also analyse the components of food waste—the one resulting from unsorted waste and the one resulting from separated collection—and we show how they are affected by socio-economic drivers. Overall, our analysis highlights the role of consumption levels. Locally targeted awareness campaigns aiming to reduce food consumption need to be devised in order to tackle the food waste challenge.

No abstract available

No abstract available

[en] Published in summary form only

[en] Headstarting is a recovery strategy for sea turtle populations. It requires captive handling of hatchlings, which are transferred from nesting beaches with low percentages of hatching success. Providing adequate nutritional resources for hatchlings is costly but important, as it influences growth rates of young turtles. Assessing the potential of commercial diets as option for promoting healthy growth and reducing the costs of maintenance for captive Hawksbill Turtles, we evaluated the viability of two commercial feeds on the growth rates of the Hawksbill Turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata). We fed turtles to satiation twice a day between the sixth and tenth month of age. Individuals fed with fish flour meal (n=20) exhibited average body mass and straight carapace length (SCL) growth rates of 2.45±1.39 g.day-1 and 0.04 ± 0.02 cm.day-1, respectively. The turtles fed with squid flour meal (n =13) displayed growth rates of 3.35 ± 1.11 g.day-1 and 0.04 ± 0.01 cm.day-1. These differences, associated with the low avidity of the specimens for these pellets, may be due to the food characteristics, particularly the size, flotation capability and palatability of the food. However, the presence of amino acids and vitamins in these compounds, and their low cost, can make them viable as a supplementary item suggesting the use of commercial foods only as a dietary supplement.