[en] Fuzzy analysis technique is proposed in this research for interpreting the combination of nuclear and electrical well logging data, which include natural gamma ray, density and neutron-porosity, while the electrical well logging include long and short normal. The main objective of this work is to describe, characterize and establish the lithology of the large extended basaltic areas in southern Syria. Kodana well logging measurements have been used and interpreted for testing and applying the proposed technique. The established lithological cross section shows the distribution and the identification of four kinds of basalt, which are hard massive basalt, hard basalt, pyroclastic basalt and the alteration basalt products, clay. The fuzzy analysis technique is successfully applied on the Kodana well logging data, and can be therefore utilized as a powerful tool for interpreting huge well logging data with higher number of variables required for lithological estimations. - Highlights: • Apply fuzzy analysis technique on the nuclear and electrical well logging data of Kodana well in Southern Syria. • Determine and differentiate between four kinds of basalt. • Establish the lithological section of the studied well.

[en] Nd-glass laser simulator has been designed to simulate the dynamic emission processes of Nd-glass laser in both laser media; Nd-glass rod and gain switched cell. The program predicts the temporal behavior of the laser output pulse depending on the physical and geometrical input. The software has been developed using Delphi 6.0. (author)

[en] A modified Teller-Landau six-temperature model describing the dynamic emission of single mode TEA CO₂ laser has been adapted. This model has been also used to describe the contribution of the higher 002 laser level. In addition, numerical solution of non-linear rate equation system of the suggested model are quantitatively discussed. The solutions describe the radiation field intensity, the population inversion, and the energy transfer processes. The estimated contribution of the 002 laser level reaches 4% of the total laser emission. (author)

[en] A mathematical model describing the dynamic emission of the intracavity frequency doubling (IFD) of a gain-switched and a gain-switched mode-locked two-sections tapered ridge-waveguide diode laser has been presented. The IFD of a gain-switched and a gain-switched mode-locked two-sections diode laser is modeled where one section is electrically pumped to provide gain while the second section is unpumped (reverse biased) to provide a saturable absorber.(author)

[en] The intracavity frequency-doubling (IFD) of a simultaneous passively Q-switched mode-locked diode-pumped Nd³+ - laser is studied with a polarized isotropic Cr⁴+: YAG saturable absorber. A general recurrence formula for the mode-locked pulses under the Q-switched envelope at fundamental wavelength has been reconstructed in order to analyze the temporal shape behavior of a single Q-switched envelope with mode-locking pulse trains. This formula has been derived taking into account the impact of the IFD and polarized Cr⁴+: YAG saturable absorber.The presented mathematical model describes the self-induced anisotropy appeared in the polarized Cr⁴+: YAG in the nonlinear stage of the giant pulse formation. For the anisotropic Nd³+: YVO₄ active medium, the generated polarized waves are assumed to be fixed through the lasing cycle. Besides, the maximum absorber initial transmission and the minimum mirror reflectivity values have been determined from the second threshold criterion. The calculated numerical results demonstrate the impact of the variation of the input laser parameters (rotational angle of the polarized crystal, absorber initial transmission and the output mirror reflectivity) on the characteristics of the output laser pulse (SH peak power, pulse width, pulse duration and shift pulse position of central mode). The calculated numerical results in this work is in good qualitative and quantitative agreement with the available experimental data reported in the references. (author)

[en] A mathematical model describing the dynamic emission of a dual-wavelength Q-switched Nd³+ : YAG / Cr⁴+ : YAG laser system has been developed. This model also treats the case of a KTP crystal presence. Using a quasi three level energy system Nd³+ : YAG laser can operates at 1064 nm and 946 nm wavelengths when the round trip gain equals to the round trip loss. A computer program, based on a variable time-step fourth-order Runge-Kutta subroutine has been developed for simulation. The simulation shows the impact of the beam shaper quality factor variation on the characteristics of the output laser pulses. The calculated results are in good agreement with the available experimental data.(author)

[en] A mathematical models has been developed to describe the dynamic emission of a distributed feedback dye laser (DFDL) pumped by a Nd-glass laser. The model is based on the coupled-wave theory. It allows the investigation of the temporal behavior of the Nd-glass pumping laser source and the DFDL pulses. The model allows studying the effect of the variation of the laser input parameters of the Nd-glass laser, such as maximum amplification coefficient, loss coefficient and pumping rate on the characteristics of DFDL pulses regarding the pulse width, delay time and separation time. The feedback process of the DFDL is provided either by changes of the refractive index or by optical gain or by both together. The model estimated the following: Temporal behavior of the density of emitted radiation, energy densities of the first excited singlet and triplet states, DFDL output power, cavity decay time and the temperature of the produced grating. The numerical solution of the nonlinear coupled rate equation system predicts the generation of DFDL picosecond pulses. The calculated results are in good agreement with the available experimental data. The calculations were done using rhodamine 6G dissolved in ethanol as the investigated matrix. (author)

[en] A mathematical model describing the dynamic emission of the intracavity frequency-doubling of a Q-switched Nd3+ - laser/KTP with GaAs semiconductor saturable absorber has been developed. The model is used to describe the temporal behavior of the laser, absorber and KTP system, in which the mutual interaction and effect between photons of the pumping laser pulse, GaAs semiconductor saturable absorber and crystal coupling has been taken into account. The suggested model allows us to study the impact of the variations of the input pumping laser powers (pumping rate, maximum amplification coefficient and loss coefficient) on the output pulse power characteristics of the Nd3+ - laser/KTP. The calculations in this work show that two-photon absorption and free-carrier effects play an important role in the formation of the output laser pulse. The nonlinear losses in GaAs can limit the obtainable pulse power. The calculations also show the broadening of the output pulse of the Q-switched Nd3+ - laser/KTP.This suggested model estimates the optimized values of the relative population inversion, threshold population, density of peak maximum and pulse width, and the relation between initial and final relative population inversion is obtained. The calculated results are in good agreement with the available experimental data. (author)

[en] A mathematical model describing the dynamic emission of intracavity isotropic Cr sup 4 sup + : YAG polarized solid-state saturable absorber as a tool of dual Q-switching and lasing processes 1.06 mu m and 1.4 mu m by double pumping pulse has been developed. This model describes the time evolution of interaction between the pumping laser pulse with a changed polarization state and the polarized absorber. (author)

[en] A mathematical model describing the dynamic emission of intracavity isotropic Cr⁴⁺: YAG polarized solid-state saturable absorber as a tool of dual Q-switching and lasing processes 1.06 μm and 1.4 μm by double pumping pulse has been developed. This model describes the time evolution of interaction between the pumping laser pulse with a changed polarization state and the polarized absorber. (author)