Filters
Results 1 - 10 of 31
Results 1 - 10 of 31.
Search took: 0.022 seconds
Sort by: date | relevance |
AbstractAbstract
[en] Summary: Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) have been well established and recognized for the delivery to the lungs. It provides better drug stability, less irritable, easy to use with deep penetration of drugs in the lungs. Budesonide (BDS) and formoterol fumarate dihydrate (FFD) indicated in pulmonary diseases. The main aim of the study is to evaluate BDS, FFD and their marketed DPIs product in Pakistan were compare in quality and performance with the reference product. The particle size distribution and aerodynamic characterization were analyzed by laser diffraction and multi stage liquid impinger, respectively. The particle density and delivered dose uniformity were also determined. HPLC was also used for the qualitative and quantitative estimation of BDS and FFD along with its marketed products. Laser diffraction particle size analyzer revealed Dv50 53.27 to 56.34 µm having surface area 1815 to 2304 cm3/g. The percentages of emitted dose (%ED) and fine particle fraction (%FPF) was found 98.19 to 99.23% and 31.57 to 34.87%, respectively. The mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) and geometric standard deviation (GSD) were calculated 2.62 to 2.89 µm and 1.99 to 2.54, correspondingly. The quantitative assay of BDS and FFD in all the commercial DPIs and reference product were well within the pharmacopeial limit i.e. 97.26 to 101.36%. The average of ten units results of delivered dose uniformity for BSD and FFD were also found in the range i.e. 97.97 to 103.19% and 98.48 to 104.41 %, respectively. The results of evaluation of parameters of DPIs like Dv50, %ED, %FPF, MMAD, GSD has shown compliance with the pharmacopeial standards. It is concluded that the all DPIs of BDS/FFD marketed in Pakistan has revealed conformance with the standard of pharmacopoeia and meet the requirements of drug regulatory authority of Pakistan. (author)
Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Journal of the Chemical Society of Pakistan; ISSN 0253-5106; ; v. 46(5); p. 425-433
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] The use of neutron scattering technique for determining the soil surface water content is not popular due to the radiation escaping from the soil surface and the large errors in measurement. To compare the radiation exposure and the performance of different techniques statistically, 3 sites were selected. Five different neutron probe models and different adaptors were used with the depth probes. Exposure to neutrons and γ radiations, at various distances from the probes, were determined. In situ calibration curves were determined using different models of depth probes with a Solo surface reflector block, CPN surface adaptor, and different numbers of plastic Teflon parallelepiped, as well as surface Troxler 3401-B probes. Depth neutron probe readings increased with increasing number of Teflon plastic blocks deposited on the soil surface. The intercept of the straight line regression analysis of CR (count ratio, surface count over standard count) v. percentage water content on a volume basis decreased with increasing number of blocks deposited on the soil surface at all sites. The determination coefficient values of any depth probe with a Solo surface reflector or a block of 4-8 cm thickness were higher than those of a Troxler 3401-B surface probe or CPN 503 depth probe with its surface adaptor. The least exposure to radiation was with a depth probe with surface reflectors. This study proves the possibility of measuring the moisture content of the soil surface by using a depth neutron probe with a block laid on the surface, without danger of receiving the threshold dose of radiation. (authors)
Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Source
15 refs., 5 tabs., 4 figs.
Record Type
Journal Article
Literature Type
Numerical Data
Journal
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] A case of unilateral megalencephaly associated with contralateral cortical dysplasia and grey matter heterotopia is reported. The corpus callosum is agenetic and the basal ganglia are dysplastic. Unilateral megalencephaly (UM) is a rare malformation characterized by unilateral enlargement of one cerebral hemisphere with ipsilateral lateral ventricle dilatation, abnormal gyral pattern and cortical thickening. Association of UM with contralateral cortical dysplasia, grey matter heterotopia and corpus callosum agenesis has not been reported in previous studies. Copyright (1999) Blackwell Science Pty Ltd
Primary Subject
Source
6 refs., 3 figs.
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] Tuberculous involvement of the abdominal parenchymatous organs is usually a diffuse process. The macronodular form of hepatosplenic tuberculosis and focal involvement of the pancreas ar extremely rare. This report describes CT findings of abdominal parenchymatous organ involvement in a patient with pulmonary and vertebral tuberculosis. Although CT does not confirm a diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis, it is a valuable examination that can support the diagnosis and define the extent of disease. (orig.)
Primary Subject
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] A case of laryngeal amyloidosis associated with a laryngocele is reported. Preoperative CT showed diffuse thickening of the epiglottis, aryepiglottic folds and false vocal cords with well-defined calcific foci. MRI revealed contrast enhancement and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images. (orig.)
Primary Subject
Source
With 2 figs., 10 refs.
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Arslan, A.; Razzouk, A.K.; Al-Ain, F.
Atomic Energy Commission, Damascus (Syrian Arab Republic). Dept of Radiation Agriculture1996
Atomic Energy Commission, Damascus (Syrian Arab Republic). Dept of Radiation Agriculture1996
AbstractAbstract
[en] In situ calibration curves were installed for the soil surface using different models of depth neutron probes and different adaptors. depth beutron probe readings increased with increasing the number of teflon plastic blocks deposited on the soil surface. The intercept of the straight line regression analysis decreased with increasing of teflon plastics blocks deposited on the soil surface in all sites. The least exposure was with depth probe with surface reflectors. This study proves the possibility of measuring the moisture content of the soil surface by using a depth probe with a block laid on the surface, without a danger of receiving the thresgold of radiation dose. (author)
Primary Subject
Source
Aug 1996; 19 p; 10 Refs., 2 Figs., 8 Tabs.
Record Type
Report
Literature Type
Numerical Data
Report Number
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] To study the possibility of growing wheat in salt affected gypsiferous soils, a saline soil was mixed in different portions with the same soil from a reclaimed site to produce four levels of salinity namely 4.7, 17.2, 28.4 and 47.6 Ds/m. the chemical properties of the produced soils were determined using common methods of analysis. Wheat seeds were planted in pots filled with these four soils in four replicates after 7 days of irradiation with 5, 10 and 15 Gy irradiation and control. the results showed a significant negative effect if increasing the salinity of the soil on all measured growth parameters. Seeds planted in the highest salinity level (ECe=47.6 ds m -1) did not germinate at all (author)
Primary Subject
Source
Published in detail as a report number AECS-A/RRE--40 (Sep 1996) 17 p.
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Aalam Al-Zarra; CODEN AAALE5; (49); p. 83-84
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] In situ calibration curves were installed for the soil surface using different models of depth neutron probes and different adapters. Depth neutron probe readings increased with increasing the number of teflon plastic blocks deposited on the soil surface. The intercept of the straight line regression analysis decreased with increasing of teflon plastic blocks deposited on the soil surface in all sites. The least exposure was with depth probe with surface reflectors. This study proves the possibility of measuring the moisture content of the soil surface bu using a depth probe with a block laid on the surface, without a danger of receiving the threshold of radiation dose (author)
Primary Subject
Source
Summary of a scientific research.
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Aalam Al-Zarra; CODEN AAALE5; (49); p. 81-82
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
Arslan, A.; Al-Ain, F.; Sharabi, N.
Atomic energy Commission, Department of Radiation Agriculture, Damascus (Syrian Arab Republic)1996
Atomic energy Commission, Department of Radiation Agriculture, Damascus (Syrian Arab Republic)1996
AbstractAbstract
[en] The growing demand for food pushes frames farmers to grow plants in less productive soils, such as salt affected-gypsiferous soils, which cover about 21% of the arable lands in Syria. Information on plant growth in this type of soil is rare in the literature. Therefore, a saline soil (ECe=180 ds m -1) was mixed in different portions with the same soil from a site reclaimed by installing drainage tiles and subsequent washing with irrigation water (ECe=4.7 ds m -1) to produce four levels of salinity namely 4.7, 17. 2, 28.4 and 47.6 ds/m. The chemical properties of the produced soils were planted in pots filed with these four soils in four replicated after 7 days of irradiation with 5, 10, and 15 Gy irradiation and control. Germination %, fresh weight, dry weight, and plant g eight of the seedling were measured after 45 days of planting. The results showed a significant negative effect of increasing the salinity of the soil on all measured growth parameters. Presowing seeds irradiation by gamma radiation did not have a significant effect on the measured growth parameters. Seeds planted in the highest salinity level (ECe=47.6 ds m -1) did not germinate at all (author). 16 refs., 6 tabs.,
Primary Subject
Source
Sep 1996; 17 p
Record Type
Report
Literature Type
Numerical Data
Report Number
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
AbstractAbstract
[en] Purpose: To evaluate the consistency of fat in the high intensity signals of the normal neurohypophysis and to differentiate the high signal of posterior pituitary from that of dorsum sella. Sagittal SE T1-weighted images with frequency encoding in the horizontal direction were used in order to differentiate the high signal of posterior pituitary and dorsum sella by the vertically-oriented chemical shift artifact. Material and methods: The sellae of 46 normal volunteers were imaged with a commercially available fat suppression technique and SE sequences with frequency encoding in vertical (25 cases) and horizontal (21 cases) axes. Results: The high signal intensity was absent in 9% of the normal volunteers with no predilection to any specific age group. None of the cases with posterior pituitary high intensity signals showed suppression of the signal with fat suppression technique. A fat suppression technique was helpful in documenting the hyperintensity in 7% of normal volunteers. Nineteen of the 21 (90%) cases with high signal intensity were detected by routine SE T1-weighted images, whereas 18 of the 19 (95%) cases were detected by imaging with frequency encoding in the horizontal direction. Conclusion: The high signal does not indicate the presence of fat. Fat suppression technique and a horizontal direction of frequency encoding help in differentiating the high signal of the neurohypophysis from that of dorsum sella. (orig.)
Primary Subject
Record Type
Journal Article
Journal
Country of publication
Reference NumberReference Number
INIS VolumeINIS Volume
INIS IssueINIS Issue
1 | 2 | 3 | Next |