[en] In the present thesis it was examined by a comparative study of the n and p decay of the systems ₁₂C+₁₂C and ₁₂C+₁₆O to mirror nuclei, whether the here indeed few but exceptionally striking structures, which were known from earlier measurements, suggest a nonstatistical behaviour. For this at the same time excitation functions of the n and p decay to single states were measured for c.m. energies of about 11-20 MeV and an angle near 0₀. The measured cross sections can in the mean be well described by Hauser-Feshbach calculations. The statistical analysis both for the excitation functions in general as of the decay to analoguous final states, yielded no hint for a nonstatistical behaviour except at the resonances known from earlier measurements at a c.m. energy of 19.3 MeV (for ₁₂C+₁₂C) and 19.7 MeV (for ₁₂C+₁₆O). Especially yielded these measurements corrections of a published excitation function of the proton decay, in which a possible resonance at Esub(cm)=14.3 MeV was interpreted as member of a rotational band with ₁₂C-₁₂C structure (''nuclear molecule''). From the experimentally determined correlation of the decay to the analoguous states as a further application the strength of the isospin mixing of the excited states in the compound nucleus can be calculated. (orig./HSI)

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[en] The principles of operation for gas ionization counters and the decisive parameters for the energy resolution are described. Examples of ionization chambers used for ion beam analysis are given and the properties and limitations of this detector type are discussed. (orig.)

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[en] The passage of high-energy heavy ions (swift heavy ions or SHI) through insulators and certain other materials creates extensive defects along the ion path beyond certain threshold of electronic energy loss. Such columnar defects are explainable by Coulomb explosion or by thermal spike. We have carried out couple of experiments in oxide materials, fullerene thin films and metal systems, which give an indirect evidence of the existence of transient temperature spike. The on-line ERDA analysis is performed (i) to measure electronic sputtering of thin films by measuring the loss of material with the fluence and (ii) to quantify interface modification by quantifying the changes at the interface with fluence. The observations in electronic sputtering were qualitatively explainable by the thermal spike model. Interface modification was quantitatively explained to be due to the diffusion of species during the transient melt phase. The inputs about the diameter of columnar defect region and the duration of melt phase are taken from thermal spike model. Diffusivity so obtained in the measurements is in the range of 10^-8 to 10^-6 m² s^-1. Such a high diffusivity is possible only for the molten state. Thus the SHI induced phenomena at the surface and interface are explained qualitatively and quantitatively respectively, supporting the existence of transient temperature spike

[en] As part of the conversion programme of the Munich MP-Tandem accelerator a Pelletron charging system has been installed and high voltage tests have been performed without acceleration tubes. Preliminary experience and test results are reported. In pure SF₆ the Pelletron chains delivered the guaranteed charging current of 100 μA per chain at 14 MV terminal voltage. A maximum terminal voltage of 16.1 MV was achieved at an SF₆ pressure of 0.76 MN/m². Earlier tests were carried out with a 30% SF₆/70% N₂ mixture at pressures up to 1.2 MN/m². The comparison indicates, that in pure SF₆ spark damage of componenets is less likely than in an SF₆ mixture. (Auth.)