[en] Paper describes the experimental investigation into the load-time function when liquid containing missiles strike a target simulating NPP building impact by a passenger-carrying airliner
[ru]
Описано экспериментальное исследование функции нагрузки-время при попадании в мишень снарядов с жидкостью, имитирующих попадание пассажирского самолета в здание АЭСJournal
[en] Considerations of possible external impacts on nuclear power plants require verification of the safety precautions in place. Especially the impact of large masses, such as a passenger aircraft, is a factor of major importance because of the damage potential it involves. The load impact resulting from an airplane crash was estimated already back in the 1960s. That approach, which was based on the conservation of momentum, was developed further in a modified form over the next few years. Recalculations of impact tests of a Phantom F-4 plane showed excellent agreement. The transferability to large passenger aircraft of this method of calculation has not been investigated so far. For this reason, the Institute for Solid Construction and Building Materials Technology of the University of Karlsruhe carried out small-scale tests with aluminium missiles. The geometry of the missiles and their stiffness distribution along the longitudinal axis were matched to those of a passenger aircraft. In addition, the influence of the speed of the aircraft on the force-vs.-time function, and the influence of various tank filling levels were studied. Another question to be answered is that of the influence of different angles of impact of the missiles. (orig.)
Journal
Atw. Internationale Zeitschrift fuer Kernenergie; ISSN 1431-5254; 
; v. 52(10); p. 643-645
; v. 52(10); p. 643-645
[en] Until recently, conventional dental radiology was performed by dentists and orofacial surgeons. Due to the rapid development of radiological technique, the demand of radiological advice is increasing. The radiologists see more and more dental patients in their daily routine. The aim of this article is to give an overview on established dental radiology and a glimpse into the future. Conventional dental radiology and digital radiography are presently in use. Intraoral technique comprises dental films, bite-wing views and occlusal radiographs. Panoramic views and cephalometric radiographs are done with extraoral technique. Digital radiography lacks all processes in behalf of film development. It leads to dose reduction and enables image manipulation. (orig.)
[de]
Die konventionelle Radiologie in der Zahnheilkunde (Dentalradiologie) wurde hauptsaechlich von den niedergelassenen Zahnaerzten und Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgen betrieben. Aufgrund der rasanten Entwicklung in der radiologischen Methodik wird die fachaerztliche Unterstuetzung durch den Radiologen immer notwendiger, und die raschen Fortschritte erfordern eine zunehmende Zusammenarbeit dieser medizinischen Faecher. Die fachspezifische Anforderung an den Radiologen tritt immer haeufiger im Routinebetrieb auf. Ziel dieses Artikels ist die Aufstellung der derzeit eingesetzten Technik sowie ein Ausblick in die nahe Zukunft. Prinzipiell wird zwischen der konventionellen Dentalradiologie und der digitalen Radiographie unterschieden. Die Dentalradiologie setzt sich aus der intraoralen Technik (Zahnfilme, Bissfluegelaufnahmen, Aufbissaufnahme) und der extraoralen Technik (Panoramaaufnahmen, Panoramaschichtaufnahmen, Fernroentgen) zusammen. Die digitale Radiographie ermoeglicht die Umgehung der konventionellen Entwicklungsverfahren, eine Strahlendosisreduktion und bietet die Moeglichkeit der Bildverarbeitung. (orig.)Journal