[en] Sixteen patients with stroke, five patients with permanent regressive ischemic neurologic deficit, and three patients with transient ischemic attacks were studied by single photon emission computed tomography performed within the first hour (early scan) and four hours (delayed scan) after injection of N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine-iodine-123 (IMP). These patients were classified into three groups according to their clinical improvement three months later, and results of single photon emission computed tomography were compared with computed tomographic scan results and correlated to the clinical outcome. Regional brain hypoactivity of IMP differed in some cases between early and delayed IMP scans, showing in those cases a ''redistribution'' activity. The amplitude of this redistribution was significantly correlated with the clinical outcome of patients with stroke, whereas the value of hypoactivity on early IMP scan did not show such a correlation. The higher the redistribution amplitude was, the better was the clinical outcome. Comparative regional brain hypoactivity of IMP on early and delayed scans could represent a prognostic index of clinical recovery inasmuch as it gives information concerning viability of ischemic brain tissue

[en] p-125I-amphetamine (I-Amp) is retained significantly in liver and lung during brain tomoscintigraphy. To attempt to explain this clinical observation, we have investigated the interaction of I-Amp with rat liver and lung microsomal proteins. Studies using spectral shift technique indicate that low concentration of I-Amp gives a type I complex and high concentration appears very stable type II complex with cytochrome P-450 Fe III. In the presence of NADPH, I-Amp gives rise to a 455 nm absorbing complex with similar properties to the Fe-RNO complexes. This complex formation was greatly enhanced with phenobarbital treated liver microsomes. The in vitro binding study shows that I-Amp and/or its metabolites was covalently bound to macromolecules in the presence of the molecular oxygen and NADPH-generating system. Incubation in the presence of glutathione, cystein and radical scavengers decreases binding. Mixed function oxydase (MFO) inhibitors diminish the amount of covalent binding and alter the extent of metabolite formation. The total covalent binding level increased with liver microsomes from PB pretreated rats as it was observed with the 455nm complex formation. The radioactivity distribution on microsomal proteins was examinated with SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. This experiment proves that the radiolabelled compounds are bound on the cytochrome P-450. The radioactivity bound increased when the PB induced rat liver microsomes were used. All these results indicate that I-Amp was activated by an oxydative process dependent on the MFO system which suggests a N-oxydation of I-Amp and the formation of reactive entities which covalently bind to proteins

[en] Published in summary form only

No abstract available

[en] The effect of Acetazolamide (Diamox) on cerebral blood perfusion has been studied in ten patients with cerebral ischemia. Previously, the dose and time effects was tested in two independent groups of male Wistar rats. The cerebral blood perfusion was estimated in man by the cerebral distribution of Isopropyliodoamphetamine ¹²³I (IAMP ¹²³I) visualised with conventional emission tomography. The study involved two identical examinations, the second one followed an injection of 1 g of Diamox. The biodistribution of IAMP ¹²³I was studied in rats without or after different doses of Diamox by counting of target organs. In animals, the pulmonary activity curve versus the dose showed a maximum for 100 mg/kg as the cerebral activity curve increased proportional to the dose. The study of time effect indicated that the best conditions for cerebral imaging by IAMP¹²³I seems to take place twenty minutes after the injection of Diamox. In man, the results obtained after Diamox confirmed the known effect of decreasing of vascular resistance, especially in brain. The total cerebral activity in IAMP¹²³I was increased in all the patients. In six patients of the ten, the activity of the ischemic region was lower than expected because of the high uptake of the controlateral hemisphere. This phenomenon may increase the sensitivity of detecting lightly hypoperfused cerebral regions. In some other patients, a high activity of the ischemic zone seems to proove an early regulation of the regional blood flow and may be an element of good pronostic. Making an Acetazolamide injection before a tomoscintigraphic examination of the brain with IAMP¹²³I seems to provide conventional imaging with sensitivity and pronostic value

[en] Published in summary form only

[en] A review is made of the various brain imaging agents utilised in the post few years with their own characters and respective advantages: cerebral blood volume tracers, non diffusible tracers, diffusible tracers among which gases and lipophilic agents. Our results with IAMP and SPECT are presented in two different clinical application fields: normal pressure hydrocephalus and cerebral ischemia

[en] Thirty patients with previous cerebral ischaemic accident were explored by both computerized tomography (CT) and radionuclide tomography after injection of ¹²³I-labeled N-isopropyl-iodo-amphetamine. All lesions that were visible at CT were also visible at radionuclide tomography. However, in 7 patients with normal CT results the latter method showed areas of cerebral activity anatomically correlated with neurological signs or vascular lesions. Cerebellar diaschisis was observed in 50% of established lesions in the carotid territory. Radionuclide tomography therefore appears as a very sensitive method to be used in ischaemic pathology with transient or regressive accidents

[en] Published in summary form only

[en] Short communication