[en] Accumulating evidence revealed the abnormal expression of KLF5 in human cancers while its role in melanoma remains uncharacterized. This study aimed to explore the role of KLF5 in the proliferation and metastasis of melanoma. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to detect WWP1, BAP1 and KLF5 expression in melanoma, followed by expression determination on clinical tissues from melanoma patients and cancer cells. The cancer cells were infected with lentivirus expressing KLF5 or BAP1 while PI3K, AKT and mTOR expression was detected and autophagy was observed. Treated cells were injected to mice when tumor growth was measured and autophagy-related protein was detected. Plasmids expressing WWP1 and Ub-K48 were co-transfected into treated melanoma cells while immunoprecipitation assay was performed to determine the interaction among KLF5, WWP1, and BAP1. WWP1 was poorly expressed in melanoma cells and tissues whereas KLF5 was highly expressed and was positively correlated to poor prognosis. KLF5 promoted melanoma cell malignant phenotypes as well as inhibited autophagy. Interestingly, KLF5 contributed to activation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting autophagy in melanoma cells. WWP1 mediated K48-linked ubiquitination of KLF5 to promote its degradation, and BAP1 antagonized this modification and stabilized KLF5 protein expression. Besides, BAP1 promoted KLF5-mediated growth of melanoma in vivo. Taken altogether, BAP1 antagonized WWP1-mediated ubiquitination of KLF5 to inhibit autophagy and promote melanoma development.

[en] The survival rate of breast cancer critically depends on early diagnosis and individualized therapy. There are obvious limitations in early detection of neoplasm or micro-metastasis when traditional imaging methods, such as mammography and ultrasonic imaging, are used. However, molecular imaging can detect the abnormalities with targeted probes at the cellular and molecular levels, which means cancers can be diagnosed much earlier, even before the formation of tumor parenchyma. Furthermore, using multifunctional molecular probes, more accurate information can be obtained via multimodal imaging. Meanwhile, targeted treatments can be taken individually. In this article we reviewed the progress in breast cancer molecular imaging. (authors)

[en] The principle in glioma surgery is to resect as many tumors as possible to reduce the recurrence rate while preserving the important nerve function, but it is difficult to identify the boundary of the tumors with the naked eye during the operation. Image-guided technology by real-time imaging can help to protect the nerves, improve the resection rate of the tumors, and improve the prognosis of the patients in assisted surgery of glioma. This article reviews the clinical applications, advantages, limitations, and research progress of CT, MRI, multi-modal imaging technology, fluorescent imaging navigation technology, new materials and targeted probes in glioma surgery. (authors)

[en] Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the result of the imbalance between coronary blood flow and myocardial oxygen demand. Using stenosis of coronary artery alone to diagnose CAD could not accurately reflect the status of myocardial ischemia, nor make accurate warning of ischemic cardiac events. Stress CT myocardial perfusion imaging (stress CT-MPI) can assess the myocardial blood flow qualitatively and quantitatively and detect the myocardial microcirculation and myocardial viability, which can predict the occurrence of cardiac events and provide an objective basis for early intervention. This review provided an overview of the stress CT-MPI, including its detection principles, methods, and clinical study progress in the patients with coronary artery disease. (authors)

[en] Objective: To evaluate the value of DWI parameter ADC and intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM) derived parameters in grading extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(EHCC). Methods: Thirty-eight consecutive patients with surgically resected and pathologically confirmed EHCC while the minimum diameter of the lesions large than 5 mm were included in this retrospective study. Patients underwent upper abdomen 3.0 T MR(including conventional MRI and DWI scan sequences). Importing original images into the IVIM post-processing software, each patient were set three times of ROIs and each time interval was one week. ROI were selected in the same position of the maximum solid part of lesions area, the average value of ADC, blood flow(BF), pure molecular diffusion(D), perfusion-based molecular diffusion(D^*), perfusion fraction(f) were measured. According to WHO digestive tumor specimens grading method, divided these cases into I, H, IE grade group. Evaluate the association by Spearman correlation analysis and compare the diagnostic potential of parameters ADC, BF, D, D^*, f by using ROC analysis. Results: Thirty eight cases of EHCC include: grade 111 cases, grade D 15 cases and grade HI 12 cases. ADC values of these three groups were (1.33 ± 0.22) × 10^-3, (1.21 ± 0.18) × 10^-3, (0.98 ± 0.10) × 10^-3 mm²/s, respectively. BF values were (2.40 ± 1.01) × 10^-3, (2.37 ± 1.19) × 10^-3, (1.64 ± 0.46) × 10^-3 mm²/s. D values were (1.30 ± 0.13) × 10^-3, (1.15 ± 0.13) × 10^-3, (0.87 ± 0.11) × 10^-3 mm²/s. D^* values were (5.67 ± 0.70) × 10^-3; (6.58 ± 1.82) × 10^-3, (5.43 ± 2.82) × 10^-3 mm²/s. And f values were (38.03 ± 10.02)%, (31.36 ± 8.34)%, (22.04 ± 7.93)%. ADC, D, and f values were significantly correlated with histologic grade(r = 0.624, 0.809, 0.580; P < 0.01, respectively). BF and D^* were both not significantly correlated(r = 0.271, 0.017; P = 0.099, 0.920, respectively). Areas under the ROC curve for the five parameters ADC, BF, D, D^*, f were 0.785, 0.603, 0.889, 0.421, 0.781, respectively. Conclusions: With the reduction of histological differentiation degree, ADC, D, f values decreased. Correlation between f value and pathological differentiation degree is poor while the correlation of D and ADC were excellent, and the correlation of D is the highest. (authors)

[en] Concept of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) has demonstrated that the diffusion-weighted signal can be influenced not only by molecular diffusion but also by microcirculation. Therefore, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values may limit the reliability in characterizing lesions. Microcirculation or perfusion effect can be distinguished from true tissue diffusion by using sufficient b value sampling and a biexponential curve fit analysis with the IVIM model.It allows a more comprehensive analysis of DWI data, and has been widely used in evaluation of liver, pancreas, kidney, prostate and other organs. This article aims to review research application and advances of IVIM-DWI in abdomen. (authors)

[en] Objective: To investigate the radioprotective value of low dose multi-slice spiral CT(MSCT) in pediatric patients with foreign body in trachea and bronchi compared with conventional dose. Methods: 80 children suspected air-way lesions were prospectively studied with low dose MSCT and randomly divided into four groups (50mA, pith=3; 50mA, pith =6; 30mA, pith=3; 20mA, pith=3) averagely. Results: The weighted CT dose index (CTDIw) and dose length product (DLP)in low dose group was lower than in conventional dose group with the significant difference(P <0.01). The imaging quality in low dose group was mostly better with no the significant difference (P>0.05), but inferior to conventional dose group, while them is no poor images to influence the diagnosis of foreign body in trachea and bronchi. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between post processing images with different doses. Conclusion: The low dose scanning will be accurate in diagnosis of foreign body in trachea and bronchi, and beneficial to protect the children with lower radiation dose. The 20mA to 50 mA tube currents may be used as conventional dose for evaluating foreign bodies in the airways in the children. (authors)

[en] Objective: To discuss the applied value of hypotonic and enhanced CT scan in patient with obstruction in ampullary portion of choledoch. Methods: The data of hypotonic and enhanced CT scan were reviewed and evaluated in 47 patients with obstruction in ampullary portion of choledoch. The degree of dilated common duct could be divided into three categories (low, middle, and marked grade). The configurations of intrahepatic dilated duct were divided into 'soft bine', 'nub', and atypia. Results: All the cases with operation and clinical therapy were confirmed. There were low- grade dilatation of choledoch in 17 cases, middle-grade dilatation in 18 cases, and marked-grade dilatation in 12. As intra- hepatic duct, there were 'soft bine' dilatation in 15 cases, 'nub' dilatation in 19 cases, and atypia dilatation in 13. In the ampullary carcinoma, there were 'double pipe' sign in 9, 'double annual' sign in 5, and 'half-moon' sign in 3. The soft tissue nodules of parenchyma with papilla could be seen in the dilated sections of dropping of duodenum in 8 cases. Stippled higher densities were found in obstruction portion in 29 cases, and bile duct in obstructive portion showed tapering appearance in 3 cases with inflammation. Conclusion: Hypotonic and enhanced CT scan is of important value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the obstruction in ampullary portion of choledoch. (authors)

[en] There exist lots of post-collision granites in Eastern Kunlun, based on the field geological work, petrography and petrochemistry study. The ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar isotope ages of typical samples were determined and 142.14 ± 1.98 Ma, 207.35 ± 0.86 Ma and 223.6 ± 1.3 Ma are obtained. It concludes that the post-collision event was taken place in the late Indosinian epoch and it might last a long time, till to Yanshan. And the Yanshan magmatism was in the tectonic environment of inner-plate. The time and the tectonic environment of the acid magmatism in the Eastern Kunlun orogenic belt is constrained in this paper

[en] Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of one-stop cardiac CT (stress dynamic CT-MPI combining with CTA) in CAD. Methods: Thirty patients underwent CCTA combined with stress dynamic CT-MPI and stress SPECT-MPI including 16 patients underwent ICA were retrospectively enrolled. All procedures were performed within 2 weeks without related treatment. CT-MPI and SPECT-MPI were evaluated visually and MBF was quantified according to dynamic CT-MPI which was compared through paired t test. The diagnostic value of CT-MPI for myocardial ischemia was evaluated with SPECT-MPI as the reference standard. The consistency between the two techniques was determined by Kappa test. With SPECT combined with ICA as the reference standard, we evaluated the value of CT-MPI and its combination with CCTA in the diagnosis of CAD with hemodynamic stenosis. Results: On stress CT-MPI, 19 of 30 patients and 52 segments were evaluated with myocardial perfusion defects. There was a significant difference in MBF values between normal[(117.61 ± 29.82) m·100 ml^-1·min^-1 and hypoperfused[(80.60 ± 22.15) m·100 ml^-1·min^-1] segments (t = 15.764, P < 0.001). With SPECT as reference standard, the sensitivity, specificity were 94.12% (32/34), 95.80% (456/476) on the vessel basis. The Kappa value of the two examinations was 0.772(P < 0.001). As for the 16 patients who also underwent ICA, 15 patients with 22 vessel-areas had hemodynamic stenosis on CT-MPI. Compared with SPECT combined with ICA, the sensitivity, specificity for detecting hemodynamic stenosis were 92.31% (12/13), 71.43% (25/35) for CT-MPI; 100% (13/13), 51.43% (18/35) for CTA and 92.31% (12/13), 82.86% (29/35) for CT-MPI combined with CTA, respectively. Moderate correlation was observed between the combination of CT-MPI and CCTA and reference standard (r = 0.690, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Stress dynamic CT-MPI can detect myocardial perfusion defects and hemodynamic changes and improves the diagnostic ability of functional stenosis of CAD combined with CTA, which can finally achieve the one-stop mode of cardiac CT in CAD. (authors)