[en] The wavelength dependence of ultraviolet radiation-induced cell killing and mutagenicity in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells has been determined from 235 nm to 313 nm. Cells were irradiated in phosphate buffered saline at 20⁰C. The amount of cell killing was determined by cloning in soft agar medium immediately after irradiation. Mutation frequency was determined, after a 3-day expression time, by cloning in soft agar medium in the presence and the absence of 5-bromo-2' deoxyuridine (BrdUrd). The endpoint used to quantitate lethal effects was the exposure necessary to reduce the surviving fraction to 10%, while the endpoint for mutagenesis was the exposure necessary to increase the frequency of BrdUrd-resistant colonies ten-fold over the background level. Data were corrected for quantum energy and the action spectra for cell killing and mutagenesis were plotted as relative biological effectiveness per quantum vs wavelength, relative to the effect at 265.2 nm. Both action spectra show broad maxima at 270 nm, and are very similar to the action spectra determined by Rothman and Setlow (1979) for pyrimidine dimer formation and cell killing in V-79 cells. (author)

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No abstract available

[en] The effect of germicidal UV and sunlamp exposure on direct and simian virus-40 (SV-40) transformatioon of Balb 3T3 cells was studied. Transformation was determined by the ability of transformed cells to grow as clones in agar. Radiation from these lamps enhanced direct transformation, and enhanced viral transformation to approximately the same degree. Enhanced transformation was seen with exposures of light that caused no measurable cell killing, which suggests that the induction of new transformants is involved rather than the selection of pre-existing transformants. Induction is also suggested by post-irradiation growth kinetics experiments. (author)

[en] Unfiltered broad spectrum radiation emitted by black light, cool white, and black light fluorescent lamps and a sunlamp, is both toxic and mutagenic to L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells when the cells are irradiated in phosphate-buffered saline. The increase in mutant frequency seen after exposure of the cells is linear throughout the range of exposures tested. The linear increase in mutagenesis is observed even at exposure levels which do not cause significant toxicity. To facilitate comparison of the differing rates of mutagenesis derived from exposure-response curves obtained for each light source, we have defined a parameter, joule-equivalent (jem), equal to mutants per 10⁵ survivors per joule per square meter. Jem values are calculated using the integrated irradiance of each lamp. Based on jem values, the relative mutagenicity of the various lamps tested (compared with a germicidal ultraviolet lamp) is 3x10^-3 for the sunlamp, 1x10^-4 for the black light and cool white lamps, and 3x10^-5 for the black light blue lamp. The toxic and mutagenic effects of the lamps are in reasonable agreement with their relative spectral output from 290 to 330 nm. (Auth.)

[en] The effect of ultraviolet (uv) radiation (235 to 313 nm) on cell killing and induction of mutants in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells was compared to the effect of uv radiation (240 to 313 nm) on induction of pyrimidine dimers in Syrian hamster embryo cells. A very strong similarity among the three action spectra was found, suggesting that uv-induced pyrimidine dimer formation is a step common to both cell killing and mutagenesis in mammalian cells