No abstract available

No abstract available

[en] Octopus, a local computing network that has been evolving at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for over fifteen years, is currently undergoing a major revision. The primary purpose of the revision is to consolidate and redefine the variety of conventions and formats, which have grown up over the years, into a single standard family of protocols, the Livermore Interactive Network Communication Standard (LINCS). This standard treats the entire network as a single distributed operating system such that access to a computing resource is obtained in a single way, whether that resource is local (on the same computer as the accessing process) or remote (on another computer). LINCS encompasses not only communication but also such issues as the relationship of customer to server processes and the structure, naming, and protection of resources. The discussion includes: an overview of the Livermore user community and computing hardware, the functions and structure of each of the seven layers of LINCS protocol, the reasons why we have designed our own protocols and why we are dissatisfied by the directions that current protocol standards are taking

[en] Requirements for access control, especially authorization, in practical computing environments are listed and discussed. These are used as the basis for a critique of existing access control mechanisms, which are found to present difficulties. A new mechanism, fire of many of these difficulties, is then described and critiqued

[en] An error-detection method for serial transmissions is presented that uses an integer arithmetic checksum. The checksum is compared with cyclic-redundancy-check methods with regard to error-detecting ability and efficiency of implementation in software (or firmware). The method is a bit weaker at detection but is more efficient, thus representing a different and potentially useful choice in the cost-benefit spectrum

[en] Ca₅(BO₃)₃F, M_r=395.83, monoclinic, Cm, a=8.125(3), b=16.051(5), c=3.538(2) A, β=100.90(4)deg, Z=2, D_x=2.900 Mg m^-3, V=453.1(3) A³, room temperature, Mo Kα, λ=0.71069 A, μ=2.941 mm^-1, F(000)=392. Single crystals have been prepared and characterized by X-ray crystal structure analysis; R=0.042 for 662 unique reflections. The structure exhibits many similarities to that of fluorapatite. (orig.)

No abstract available

[en] In-vivo measurements of organ cadmium concentrations have been underway since 1974. The measurement systems used over this time have been based either on the Birmingham University Nuffield cyclotron or on ²³⁸Pu/Be neutron sources. From the data that has been built up on both liver and kidney measurements estimates have been made of the critical concentration of cadmium in renal cortex and of the biological half-life of cadmium in liver. (author)

[en] The factors affecting prediction of LET spectra are discussed, namely the reaction cross sections and modelling of emitted charged particle spectra. The alpha particle spectrum the the ¹⁴N(n,2α) and ¹²C(n,3α) reactions is calculated assuming sequential break-up and either isotropic or anisotropic particle emission in the centre of mass, and examples are given for 20 MeV neutrons. The cross sections used in the LET predictive code NESLES are examined and updated, and the net effect on a 14 MeV neutron event size distribution is calculated. The difference components of a 14 MeV event size distribution are identified. Finally, predicted and measured event size distributions for 14.2 MeV neutrons are compared. (author)

[en] The energy dependence of the neutron response of a liquid-NE213-scintillator cell was measured. (HSI)